Contents.- Abbreviations.- Acknowledgements.- Chapter 1: Introduction.- 1.1: Media Environment and Civil Society in Hong Kong.- 1.2: Elections in Hong Kong.- 1.3: The Puzzle.- 1.4: My Argument.- 1.5: Why Hong Kong?.- 1.6: The Methodology.- 1.7: Plan of the Book.- Chapter 2: Protest and Patronage: A Theory of Electoral Contest in Competitive Authoritarianism.- 2.1: About the Stakeholders.- 2.2: The Analytical Model.- 2.2.1: Baseline Model: Single Source of Protests.- 2.2.2: Multiple Sources of Protests.- 2.3: Conclusion.- 2.4: Appendix: Proofs.- Chapter 3: Birds in a Cage: Political Institutions and Civil Society in Hong Kong.- 3.1: Historical Background.- 3.2: Major Institutional Arrangements under the Basic Law.- 3.2.1: Relationship between the Central Government and the HKSAR.- 3.2.2: Judiciary.- 3.2.3: Civil Liberties.- 3.2.4: Chief Executive.- 3.2.5: Legislature.- 3.2.6: Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law.- 3.3: Last Years of the Colonial Administration.- 3.4: After 1997.- 3.5: July 1, 2003.- 3.6: Conclusion.- Chapter 4: Power to the People: Changing Electoral Strategies of the Pro-democracy Opposition Elite.- 4.1: Political Developments after the July 1, 2003 Protest.- 4.1.1: Emergence of New Parties.- 4.1.2: Rise of Contentious Politics.- 4.1.3: Rise of Internal Strife within the Opposition Camp.- 4.2: Key Developments of Civil Society.- 4.3: Conclusion.- Chapter 5: All Politics is Local: Grassroots Strategy of Beijing-sponsored Parties.- 5.1: The Pro-Beijing Camp: Changes and Continuities.- 5.2: Building a United Front at the Grassroots.- 5.3: Beijing-sponsored Parties’ Incentives.- 5.4: Beijing-sponsored Parties’ Grassroots Strategy in Action.- 5.4.1: Defending Their Own Turf.- 5.4.2: Invading Rivals’ Turf.- 5.4.3: Candidate Selection.- 5.5: "Independent" Candidates- 5.6: Redistricting.- 5.7: Conclusion.- Chapter 6: Surrounding the Cities from the Countryside: An Empirical Assessment of the Electoral Effects.- 6.1: The Causal Mechanisms.- 6.2: The Electoral Effects.- 6.2.1: A First Glance.- 6.2.2: A Closer Look.- 6.3: Conclusion.- 6.4: Appendix: Details on the Regression Discontinuity Design.- Chapter 7: Elephants versus Termites: Lessons from Hong Kong.- Appendix A Interviews Conducted.- bibliography.- Index