Winifred G. Nayler
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
0e druk, 2012
9783642758744
The Endothelins
Specificaties
Paperback, 183 blz.
|
Engels
Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
0e druk, 2012
ISBN13: 9783642758744
Rubricering
Verwachte levertijd ongeveer 9 werkdagen
Samenvatting
"What we call the beginning is often the end, and to make an end is to make a beginning. The end is where we start from." T. S. ELIOT, "Geroniton" The discovery of endothelin-l was both an end and a beginning. It is an end because this discovery has started a plethora of investigations as to endothe1in's sites of production, mode of action, it's normal and abnormal physiological role and its involvement in a variety of pathological conditions ranging from renal failure to myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, hyperten sion, cyclosporine induced toxicity, mental depression, renal failure, stress related illness, and even stroke and sudden death. It is a beginning because no one can foresee where the investigations will ultimately lead, or how they will end. The discovery of the endothelins was a very recent event and soon specialist books will start to appear dealing in detail with different aspects of their chemistry, physiological role and pathological importance. The present book is intended to act as a guide and primer for those who are becoming intrigued by the many endothelin related articles which are now appearing in the journals but who as yet have not had the time or opportunity to be caught up in the web of enthusiasm and excitement which is motivating those more directly involved in the field of research.
Specificaties
ISBN13:9783642758744
Taal:Engels
Bindwijze:paperback
Aantal pagina's:183
Uitgever:Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Druk:0
Inhoudsopgave
1 The Discovery and General Properties of the Endothelins.- - The Endothelins.- - The Discovery of the Endothelins.- - General Properties of Endothelin-1.- - Summary.- 2 The Chemistry of the Endothelins.- - Endothelin-1 (or Porcine Endothelin, or ET-1).- - Endothelin-2 (ET-2).- - Endothelin-3 (Rat Endothelin, or ET-3).- - VIC [(Mouse) ? Endothelin].- - Nomenclature.- - Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-2.- - Endothelin-3.- -VIC [(Mouse) ? Endothelin].- - Molecular Manipulations Which Modify the Contractile Activity of Endothelin-1.- - The Relative Vasoconstrictor Activities of the Various Endothelins.- - Summary.- 3 The Biosynthesis of the Endothelins.- - The Biosynthesis of the Endothelins.- - Endothelin-1 (Porcine and Human).- - Porcine Endothelin-1.- - Human Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-2 and Endothelin-3.- - Vasoactive Intestinal Contractor Endothelin (VIC).- - The Biological Significance of the Conversion of the “Big” Endothelins to “Mature” Endothelins.- - Summary.- 4 Other Chemically-Related Toxins.- - The Sarafotoxins.- - Apamin.- - Atrotoxin.- - Summary.- 5 The Contractile Effect of Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-1: Evidence of its Contractile Effect on Smooth Muscle.- - Characterization of Endothelin-1 Induced Contraction of Vascular and Non Vascular Smooth Muscle.- - The Positive Inotropic Effect of Endothelin-1 on Cardiac Muscle.- - Does Endothelin-1 Exert a Positive Chronotropic Effect on the Heart?.- - Summary.- 6 The Biochemical Events Involved in the Contractile and Positive Inotropic Activity of Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin - and Vascular Smooth Muscle.- - Enhanced Slow Channel Ca2+ Entry.- - Endothelin-1 Induced Increase in Cytosolic Ca2+ in Cardiac Myocytes.- - Summary.- 7 Endothelin Receptors: Their Distribution and Properties.- - Tissue Distribution of the Endothelin Binding Sites.- - Characterization of Endothelin Binding Sites.- - Evidence of Multiple Endothelin Receptors.- - The Biochemical Analysis of the Endothelin Receptors.- - Are the Endothelin Binding Sites Functional?.- - “Up” and “Down” Regulation of the Endothelin Receptors.- - The Density of Endothelin-1 Binding Sites in Various Tissues.- - Summary.- 8 Metabolism and Clearance of the Endothelins.- - Time Course of Endothelin-1 Removal.- - Comparison With Other Vasoactive Polypeptides.- - Mechanisms Involved in the Removal of Endothelin-1.- - Dissociation between the Disappearance of Endothelin-1 From the Bloodstream and It’s Constrictor Effect.- - Summary.- 9 Plasma, Tissue and Urine Endothelin-1.- - Tissue Levels of Endothelin-1.- - Sites of Endothelin Synthesis.- - Factors Which Stimulate the Expression of Preproendothelin mRNA.- - Conditions which Stimulate Endothelin Secretion.- - Clearance of Endothelin from the Circulation.- - Summary.- 10 Effect of Various Pathological Conditions on Plasma Endothelin.- - Plasma Levels of Immunoreactive Endothelin-1 in Various Pathological Conditions.- - Experimental Conditions Which Provoke Raised Plasma Levels of Endothelin-1.- - Cold Provocation.- - Other Changes.- - Summary.- 11 Endothelin and the Kidney.- - The Hypersensitivy of Renal Arteries to Endothelin-1.- - The Heterogeneity of the Renal Vascular Effects of Endothelin-1.- - The Distribution and Properties of Endothelin-1 Receptors in the Kidney.- - Endothelin-1 Binding Sites in Renal Glomerular Mesangial Cells.- - Effect of Endothelin-1 on Renal Tubular Epithelial Function.- - The in Situ Production of Endothelin in the Kidney: Is It a Local Hormone?.- - Endothelin-1 and Renal Failure: Is There a Link?.- - Summary.- 12 Endothelin and the Brain.- - Evidence of a Direct Central Effect of Endothelin (Endothelin-1).- - Evidence of the Local Production of Endothelins in the Brain.- - Endothelin-1 and Endothelin-3 Distribution in the Brain.- - The Occurence and Distribution of Specific High Affinity Binding Sites for Endothelin (Endothelin-1) in the Brain.- - What is the Functional Significance of Endothelin Binding in the Brain?.- - Mode of Action.- - Endothelin-1 and the Cerebral Arteries.- - Summary.- 13 Endothelin and the Coronary Circulation.- - The Coronary Constrictor Effect of Endothelin-1.- - The Biochemical Basis of the Coronary Constrictor Effect of Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-1 Receptors in the Coronary Vasculature.- - The Relative Sensitivity of Coronary Arteries and Veins to the Constrictor Effect of Endothelin-1.- - The Transient Endothelin-1 Coronary Vasodilation.- - The Effect of Endothelin-1 Induced Coronary Vasoconstriction on Myocardial Function.- - Is Endothelin-1 Involved in the Development of Coronary Vasospasm?.- - Summary.- 14 Endothelin-1 and the Heart.- - The Characteristics of the Endothelin-1 induced Positive Inotropic Response.- - The Mechanisms Involved in the Positive Inotropic Effect of Endothelin-1.- - The Positive Chronotropic Effect of Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-1 and the Release of Atrionatriuretic Peptide (ANP).- - Endothelin and the Ischaemic Heart.- - Summary.- 15 Endothelin, Cell Proliferation and Atherosclerosis.- - Endothelin-1 and the Atherosclerotic Process.- - The Mitogenic Effect of Endothelin-1 on Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells.- - Effect of Growth Factors on the Endothelin-1 Induced Increase in [3H]thymidine Uptake.- - Factors Which Exacerbate the Effect of Endothelin-1 on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation.- - The Ability of Calcium Antagonists to Attenuate Endothelin-1 Induced Cell Proliferation.- - Summary.- 16 The Constrictor Effect of the Endothelins on Bronchiolar and Tracheal Smooth Muscle.- - The Relative Sensitivity of Bronchiolar and Tracheal Smooth Muscle to the Constrictor Effect of the Endothelins.- - The Local Production of Endothelin-1 and Endothelin-3.- - Mode of Action.- - The Role of the Endothelins in Respiratory Disorders.- - Summary.- 17 Endothelin and Hypertension.- - Plasma Endothelin-1 in Hypertensives.- - Endothelin-1 Binding Site Density in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.- - Is a Central Effect of the Endothelins Involved in Hypertension.- - Is There a Vasodilator-Vasoconstrictor Imbalance?.- - Is the Vasoconstrictor Effect of Endothelin Due to its Effect on Large Capacitance or Small Resistance Vessels?.- - Mode of Action.- - Agents Which Overcome the Vasoconstrictor Effect of Endothelin-1.- - Endothelin-1, Hypertension and the Renal Vasculature.- - Summary.- 18 The Endothelins and Platelet Aggregation.- - The Inhibitory Effect of Endothelin-1 on Platelet Aggregation.- - The Fibrinolytic Activity of Endothelin-3.- - Summary.- 19 Do the Endothelins have a Future?.- References.