Hadron Collider Physics 2002

I Opening Review on Hadron—Collider Physics.- Hadron Colliders, the Standard Model, and Beyond.- 1 What is the Standard Model?.- 2 Hadron Colliders and the Standard Model.- 2.1 Precision electroweak.- 2.2 CKM.- 2.3 Top quark.- 2.4 Higgs boson.- 2.5 QCD.- 3 Beyond the Standard Model.- 3.1 Direct evidence.- 3.2 Indirect evidence.- References.- II Status of the Accelerators and Detectors.- Tevatron Collider Run II Status.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Overview.- 3 Run II Milestones.- 4 Parameters.- 5 Performance to Date.- 6 Accomplishments.- 6.1 Accomplishments: Helix Adjustments.- 6.2 Accomplishments: Antiproton Emittance.- 6.3 Accomplishments: Tevatron Injection Closure.- 7 Outstanding Issues.- 8 Future Prospects.- 9 Reliability.- 10 Summary.- 11 Acknowledgements.- Status of CDF II and Prospects for Run II.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The CDF II Detector and Trigger Upgrades.- 3 Physics Results and Prospects.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- Status of the DØ Detector.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Overview.- 3 Silicon Vertex Detector.- 4 Central Fiber Tracker.- 5 Calorimeters.- 6 Muon Detectors.- 7 Forward Proton Detectors.- 8 Trigger and Data Acquisition.- 9 Conclusions.- References.- III Standard Model Processes: Parton Luminosities, QCD Evolution.- The Proton Structure as Measured at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 NC Cross Sections in the Complete Kinematic Plane.- 3 High-Q2 Measurements.- 4 Charged Current Measurements.- 5 Summary and Outlook.- References.- Global Fits of Parton Distributions.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Parton Uncertainties.- 2.1 Hessian (Error Matrix) approach.- 2.2 Offset method.- 2.3 Statistical approach.- 2.4 Lagrange multiplier method.- 2.5 Results.- 3 Theoretical Errors.- 3.1 Problems in the fit.- 3.2 Types of Theoretical Error, NNLO.- 3.3 Empirical approach.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- Low x Physics at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Formalism and Theory.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Inclusive measurements.- 3.2 Exclusive results.- 4 Summary.- References.- Saturation Effects in Hadronic Cross Sections.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Loop-Loop Correlation Model.- 3 Saturation in Proton-Proton Scattering.- 4 Gluon Saturation.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- IV Standard Model Processes: QCD at High pt.- Progress in NNLO Calculations for Scattering Processes.- 1 Why NNLO Calculations are Important.- 1.1 Renormalisation scale uncertainty.- 1.2 Factorisation scale dependence.- 1.3 Jet algorithms.- 1.4 Transverse momentum of the incoming partons.- 1.5 Power corrections.- 1.6 The shape of the prediction.- 1.7 Parton densities at NNLO.- 2 Recent Progress in the Field.- 3 What Remains to be Done.- References.- Heavy Flavour Production at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 b-production Cross-section.- 2.1 Muon and Jet Cross-section.- 2.2 b-tagging.- 3 J/? Cross-section.- 4 Other Measurements.- References.- Heavy Quark Production at CDF.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Beauty Production at CDF.- 2.1 CDF Run I results.- 2.2 Preliminary results from CDF Run II.- 3 Quarkonia Production at CDF.- 4 Charm Production at CDF.- 4.1 Run I results.- 4.2 Run II charm production cross-sections.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- Heavy Quark Production at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Open Charm Production.- 3 Charmonium.- 4 Beauty Production.- 5 Summary.- References.- Theoretical Developments on Hard QCD Processes at Colliders.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Heavy Quarks.- 2.1 Total Cross Sections.- 2.2 Transverse Momentum Distributions.- 2.3 Top Quark Spin Correlations.- 3 Jets.- 3.1 Jet Definitions.- 3.2 Precision Jet Physics.- 3.3 Multiparton Processes.- 4 Photons and Massive Gauge Bosons.- 4.1 Isolated Photons.- 4.2 Photon Pairs.- 4.3 Vector Boson and Higgs Production.- 4.4 Transverse Momentum Distributions.- 5 Conclusions and Outlook.- References.- Jet Production at CDF.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Inclusive Jet Production.- 3 Three-jet Production.- 4 Study of Jet Shapes in Run 2.- 5 Study of the Underlying Event.- 6 Study of W+Njet Production.- References.- Jet Algorithms at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Measurement of Jets.- 3 Run I Cone Algorithm.- 4 Run I kT Algorithm and Comparisons.- 5 Run II.- 6 Acknowledgments.- References.- Jet Physics at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Photoproduction of Jets.- 2.1 The Internal Structure of the Photon.- 2.2 Multijet Photoproduction.- 2.3 Inclusive Jet Photoproduction.- 3 Jet Physics in DIS.- 3.1 Jet Cross Sections at Low Q2 and at Forward Angles.- 3.2 Multijet Production in DIS.- 3.3 Precise Tests of QCD from Jet Production in DIS.- 4 Conclusions.- References.- Global Photon Summary.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Prompt photon production at the Tevatron.- 2.1 Run I results.- 2.2 Run II prospects.- 3 Prompt photon production at HERA.- 3.1 Inclusive photoproduction of prompt photons.- 3.2 Photoproduction of prompt photon and jets.- 3.3 Prompt photons in deep inelastic scattering.- 4 Current issues in photon production.- 5 Summary.- References.- Hadron Production in Hadron-Hadron and Lepton-Hadron Collisions.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Determination of the FFs.- 3 Global Analysis of Collider Data.- 4 Inclusive B-Meson Production.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- V Standard Model Processes: QCD: Diffractive Processes.- Measurements of Diffractive Processes at HERA Aharon Levy.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Kinematics of Diffractive Scattering.- 3 Diffraction as Soft or Hard Process.- 4 Inclusive Diffraction.- 5 Exclusive Vector Mesons.- 6 Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS).- References.- Diffractive Physics at DØ.- 1 Diffractive Processes.- 2 The DØ Detector.- 3 Hard Single Diffraction: Diffractive W and Z.- 4 Comparison of W,Z Diffractive Data to Models.- 5 Hard Single Diffraction: Dijets.- 6 HSD and Models.- 7 Present and Future Prospects for Diffractive Physics at DO Run II.- References.- Measurements of Diffractive Processes at CDF.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Hard diffraction.- 2.1 Rapidity gap results.- 2.2 Leading antiproton results.- 3 Double-gap soft diffraction.- 4 Data and results.- References.- Selected topics in Rapidity Gap Physics.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Hard diffraction.- 2.1 Central higgs production.- 3 Dipole models.- 4 Rapidity gaps at high-t.- 4.1 Vector mesons.- 4.2 Gaps between jets.- 5 Summary.- References.- VI Standard Model Processes: Heavy-Ion Collisions.- Recent Results from STAR.- 1 The Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider.- 2 The STAR Experiment.- 3 Measurements of Anisotropic Flow.- 4 Jets in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions.- 5 Ultra-Peripheral Heavy-Ion Collisions.- 6 Conclusions and Outlook.- References.- VII Standard Model Processes: Heavy Flavour, CKM and CP-Violation.- Beauty and Charm Physics at CDF, First Results and Perspectives.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Leptonic sample.- 3 Hadronic sample.- 4 Beauty and Charm perspectives.- References.- Prospects for B Lifetimes, Oscillations and CP Violation at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Run II DØ Detector.- 3 The DØ Beauty Physics Program.- 3.1 Average B Lifetime.- 3.2 sB0Mixing.- 3.3 CP Violation.- 3.4 b?0Lifetime.- Conclusions.- References.- Impact of Bottom-Quark Measurements on our Knowledge of the Standard Model.- 1 Introduction.- 2 CP Violation in B Decays.- 2.1 Weak Decays.- 2.2 Unitarity Triangles.- 2.3 Main Strategies.- 3 Benchmark Decay Modes of B± and Bd Mesons.- 3.1 B ? ?K.- 3.2 B ? J /?K.- 3.3 B ? ØK.- 3.4 B???.- 4 “El Dorado” for Hadron Colliders: B5-Meson System.- 4.1 General Features.- 4.2 Benchmark Decay Modes of Bs Mesons.- 4.3 The Bs ? K+K-, Bd ? ?+?- System.- 5 Comments on Rare B Decays.- 6 Conclusions and Outlook.- References.- VIII Standard Model Processes: W, Z-Bosons, Electroweak Parameters.- Electroweak Physics Prospects for CDF in Run II.- 1 Introduction.- 2 W/Z Production Cross Sections.- References.- Measurement of the Z and W Boson Production Cross.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Detector.- 3 Data Selection.- 4 Detector Simulation and Acceptance.- 5 Results.- 6 Future Plans.- References.- Associated Hadroproduction of Charmonia and Electroweak Bosons.- 1 Analytic Results.- 2 Numerical Results.- 3 Conclusions.- References.- Review of Potential for Precision Electroweak Studies at the LHC.- 1 Introduction.- 1.1 EW Precision measurements: past and future.- 2 Precision EW measurements at LHC.- 2.1 Production cross sections and detectors parameters.- 2.2 Top Mass measurement at the LHC.- 2.3 W Mass measurement at the LHC.- 2.4 $$ {\sin ^{2}}\theta _{{eff}}^{l} $$ measurement at the LHC.- 3 Conclusion.- References.- IX Standard Model Processes: Top Quark.- Top Quark Physics at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Run I Results.- 3 Run IIa Results.- 4 Run IIa and IIb Expectations.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Top Quark Physics with CDF.- 1 The CDF II Upgrade.- 2 The Top Physics Program of CDF.- 2.1 $$t\overline t $$ Cross Section.- 2.2 Top Mass Measurement.- 2.3 Physics with $$t\overline t $$ Events.- 3 Single Top Quark Production.- 4 Search for FCNC in the Top Sector.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- The Top Quark: Experimental Roots and Branches of Theory.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Experimental Roots.- 2.1 Mass.- 2.2 Top Width and Decays.- 2.3 Pair Production.- 2.4 Spin Correlations.- 3 Branches of Theory.- 3.1 Light Neutral Higgs in MSSM.- 3.2 Charged Higgs.- 3.3 Sfermion Masses.- 3.4 Extra EW Gauge Bosons.- 3.5 New Top Strong Interactions.- 4 Summary.- References.- X Searches for New Phenomena: Higgs.- Higgs Production at Hadron Colliders.- 1 Higgs mass limits and bounds.- 2 Higgs production modes.- 2.1 Higgs Strahlung.- 2.2 Weak Boson Fusion (WBF).- 2.3 $$t\overline t H$$.- 3 Gluon fusion.- 3.1 Total rate at NNLO.- 3.2 Distributions.- 3.3 Higgs pair production.- 4 MSSM.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- Higgs Searches and Prospects at CDF.- 1 Introduction.- 2 SM Higgs Production at Hadron Colliders.- 2.1 CDF Run I searches for the light SM Higgs.- 2.2 l?$$ b\bar{b} $$ channel.- 2.3 ll $$ b\bar{b} $$ channel.- 2.4 qq $$ b\bar{b} $$ channel.- 2.5 ??$$ b\bar{b} $$ channel.- 2.6 Summary of the Run I SM Higgs Searches and Projections for Run II.- 3 CDF Searches for MSSM Higgs Bosons.- 3.1 Search for the Neutral MSSM Higgs.- 3.2 Search for the Charged Higgs.- 3.3 MSSM and Detection of the ?-leptons.- 4 Summary.- References.- Prospects for Higgs Bosons at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 The Run 2 DØ Detector.- 3 Run 2 Expectations.- 3.1 SM Higgs Production at the Tevatron.- 3.2 MSSM Higgs Production at the Tevatron.- 3.3 Review of Results from the SUSY-Higgs Workshop.- 4 Current Status of DØ.- 4.1 Lepton Identification.- 4.2 b-jet Tagging.- 4.3 Summary of MC Simulation Studies at DØ.- References.- Prospects of Higgs Physics at the LHC.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Running Conditions and Physics Analysis.- 3 The Search for the SM Higgs Boson.- 3.1 Recent Progress in SM Higgs Searches.- 4 Recent Progress in MSSM Higgs Searches.- 5 Conclusions.- References.- XI Searches for New Phenomena: Alternative Symmetry Breaking Mechanisms, SUSY, Extra.- Dimensions, Anomalous Couplings, Leptoquarks and Compositness Isolated Lepton Signatures at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Multi-lepton Events.- 2.1 Multi-electron Events in HI.- 2.2 Multi-electron Events in ZEUS.- 2.3 Discussion.- 3 Events with an Isolated Lepton and Missing PT.- 4 Isolated ? Events in ZEUS.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- Searches for New Particles/Phenomena at CDF.- 1 Overview.- 2 Searches for New Gauge Bosons.- 3 Large Extra Dimensions.- 4 Search for Long-Lived Heavy Charged Particles.- 5 Leptoquark Searches.- 6 New Physics with Inclusive Lepton and Photon Final States.- 7 Search for Gluinos and Scalar Quarks.- 8 Scalar Top Quark Searches.- 8.1 R-Parity Conserving Stop Decay.- 8.2 R-Parity Violating Stop Decay.- References.- Searches and Expected Signatures at DØ.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Search for Large Extra Dimensions.- 2.1 Dielectron and Diphoton Channels.- 2.2 Dimuon Channel.- 3 Search for RPV SUSY in Trilepton Channels.- 4 GMSB SUSY in Di-Photon Events.- 5 Search for Leptoquarks in the Dielectron Channel.- 6 Search for Squarks and Gluinos in Jets + Events.- 7 Conclusions.- Searches and Discovery Prospects at HERA.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Leptoquarks in Minimal Models.- 3 Contact Interactions.- 4 Leptoquarks in Generic Models.- 5 Lepton Flavour Violation.- 6 R-Parity Violating Supersymmetry.- 7 Extra Dimensions.- 8 Doubly Charged Higgs.- 9 Anomalous Top Couplings.- References.- Supersymmetry at the LHC: Searches, Discovery Windows, and Expected Signatures.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Trigger Strategies.- 3 mSUGRA.- 3.1 Inclusive Searches.- 3.2 Exclusive Sparticle Reconstruction.- 4 GMSB.- References.- Searches, Discovery Windows, and Expected Signatures of New Phenomena at ATLAS and CMS.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Compositeness.- 3 Excited Quarks.- 4 Technicolor.- 5 Leptoquarks.- 6 New Gauge Bosons.- 7 Majorana Neutrinos.- 8 Monopoles.- 9 Extra Dimensions.- 10 Black Holes.- 11 Lepton Flavor Violation.- 12 Conclusions.- References.- XII Tools and Techniques for Physics Analysis: Luminosity Determination in Hadron-Hadron Collisions, Event Generators, New Developments in Analysis Techniques.- Luminosity Determination at the Tevatron.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Reference processes.- 2.1 Inelastic $$ p\bar{p} $$ scattering.- 2.2 W-production.- 3 Luminosity monitoring in Run II.- 3.1 CDF luminosity monitor.- 3.2 DØ luminosity monitor.- 4 Methods of luminosity measurement.- 4.1 Counting of empty bunch crossings.- 4.2 Counting of hits.- 4.3 Counting of particles by the CDF luminosity monitor.- 5 Uncertainties of luminosity measurement.- 6 Luminosity cross-check with the W-production.- 7 Conclusion.- 8 Acknowledgments.- References.- Luminosity Measurement at the LHC.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Luminosity from Machine Parameters.- 2.1 Machine Instrumentation.- 3 Luminosity Measurement in the Experiments.- 3.1 CMS-TOTEM.- 3.2 ATLAS.- 3.3 LHCb.- 3.4 ALICE.- 4 Conclusion.- References.- Precision Parton Luminosities at the LHC.- 1 Measuring Cross Sections at the LHC.- 2 W and Z Production, a Well Known Reference Reaction.- 3 Constraining Gluons and Heavy Quarks at the LHC.- 4 What Remains to be Demonstrated?.- References.- Event Generators — New Developments.- 1 Introduction: event generators.- 1.1 An event generator for e+e¯-collisions.- 1.2 Additional complications in pp¯ collisions.- 2 Matrix elements and parton showers.- 2.1 Matrix element corrections.- 2.2 Matching LO matrix elements with parton showers.- 2.3 Matching parton showers with NLO matrix elements.- 3 Development of Herwig++.- 3.1 New parton shower variables.- 3.2 Multiscale shower.- 3.3 Status of the program.- References.- HERA Event Generators for the Low Mass Region.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Processes Involving Low Mass Hadronisation.- 3 Hadronisation Models.- 3.1 DIFFVM.- 3.2 EPSOFT.- 3.3 SOPHIA.- 4 Summary.- References.- Optimal Use of Information for Measuring Mt in Lepton+jets tt¯ Events.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Measurement of Mt.- 3 Conclusion.- References.- Multivariate Analysis Techniques for Final State Reconstruction.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Probability Density Estimation Techniques.- 3 The PDE-RS Method.- 3.1 The Range-Search Algorithm.- 3.2 Properties of PDE-RS and Comparison with NNs.- 3.3 Time Consumption and Dependence on Box-Size.- 3.4 An Application: Instanton-Induced Processes at HERA.- 4 Conclusions.- 5 Acknowledgement.- References.- Jet Algorithms: a Mini-Review.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Requirements on jet algorithms.- 3 Clustering algorithms for e+e¯.- 4 Jet algorithms for ep and pp¯ collisions.- 4.1 Differences between e+e¯ and hadron collisions.- 4.2 The cone algorithm.- 4.3 The modified JADE algorithm.- 4.4 The k algorithm.- 4.5 The longitudinally invariant k algorithm.- 5 Differences between algorithms.- 5.1 Exclusive algorithms.- 5.2 Inclusive jet algorithms.- 6 Experimental situation.- References.- CDF ? Triggers, Analysis and Other Developments.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Run II Trigger System and Tau Triggers.- 3 Finding Taus: W ? ?? First Result.- 4 Fast Derivatives: Backwards Differentiation.- References.- User Oriented Design in High Energy Physics Applications: Physics Analysis Expert.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Tradition.- 3 Multiple Interpretations of an Event.- 4 Command Syntax.- 5 Excluding/Re-Including Physics Objects.- 6 Detector Reconstruction.- 7 Relation to Other Packages.- 8 Progress.- References.- XIII Future Colliders.- Why We Need Both the LHC and an e+e¯ Linear Collider.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Higgs Physics.- 3 Supersymmetry (SUSY).- 3.1 SUSY Higgs Sector.- 3.2 SUSY Partners.- 4 The Top Quark.- 5 Conclusion.- References.- XIV Summary Talk.- Summary and Highlights of the Conference.- 1 Introduction.- 2 Our Tools.- 2.1 Accelerators and Detectors.- 2.2 Luminosity Measurement.- 2.3 Computing and Analysis.- 2.4 Simulation.- 2.5 Proton Structure.- 2.6 Theoretical Progress.- 3 Our Physics.- 3.1 QCD.- 3.2 CKM Physics.- 3.3 Electroweak Physics.- 3.4 The Top Quark.- 3.5 The Higgs Boson.- 3.6 Searches for Physics Beyond the Standard Model.- 4 Our Future.- References.