Introduction to Analytical Methods in Organic Geochemistry
Samenvatting
All sub disciplines in Organic Geochemistry (Petroleum Geochemistry, Environmental Geochemistry etc.) are linked by the basic analytical approaches used for identification and quantitation of individual organic substances. Hence, a fundamental prerequisite for organic geochemists is the knowledge not only about the individual analytical techniques but more about their potential as well as their limitations.
In this issues basic analytical procedures and techniques are introduced comprising fundamental steps like sampling and sample storage, aspects of sample treatment like extraction and fractionation procedures and finally the specific techniques used for organic analyses on partially very low concentration levels such as mass spectrometry or infrared spectroscopy. Beside the technical aspects also application on organic-geochemical problems and the standard data evaluation practice is introduced. Finally, special chapters point to analytical pitfalls and to principal standard operation procedures.
The intention of this issue is to get the readers familiar with analytical Organic Geochemistry and to enable them to assess the quality and suitability of specific analytical approaches, in particular with respect to the organic-geochemical problems.
Specificaties
Inhoudsopgave
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<p>2. Sampling</p>
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<p>1.1. Types of sampling</p>
<p>1.2. Sampling strategies </p>
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<p>3. Sample treatment</p>
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<p>3.1 Sample storage and pre-preparation</p>
<p>3.2 Extraction</p>
<p>3.2.1 Principals of extraction </p>
<p>3.2.2 Extraction techniques </p>
3.3. Fractionation<p></p>
<p>3.3.1 Principles of chromatography</p>
<p>3.3.2 Low performance liquid chromatography </p>
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4. Instrumental analysis<p></p>
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<p>4.1 High performance chromatography – GC, HPLC</p>
<p>4.1.1 Gas chromatography GC</p>
<p>4.1.2 High performance liquid chromatography HPLC</p>
<p>4.2 MS</p>
<p>4.2.1 Principals of mass spectrometry</p>
4.2.2 Mass spectra<p></p>
<p>4.2.3 Stable isotope mass spectrometry</p>
<p>4.3. Spectroscopy</p>
<p>4.3.1. Principals of spectroscopy</p>
<p>4.3.2 UV/Vis spectroscopy</p>
<p>4.3.3 IR and Raman spectroscopy</p>
<p>4.4. Analysis of macromolecular matter - Pyrolysis and chemical Degradation</p>
<p>4.4.1 Analytical pyrolysis</p>
<p>4.4.2 Bulk pyrolysis</p>
<p>4.4.3 Chemical Degradation</p>
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<p>5. GC/MS data evaluation</p>
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<p>5.1. Identification</p>
<p>5.1.1 Short course of mass spectra interpretation and GC/MS based identification </p>
<p>5.1.2 Ion chromatograms as key feature for in depth examination</p>
<p>5.2 Quantification</p>
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6. Analytical quality control<p></p>
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<p>7. Principal analytical procedures in Organic Geochemistry</p>
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<p>7.1 Fossil matter analyses</p>
<p>7.2 Analyses of environmental samples</p>