The Welding Engineer’s Guide to Fracture and Fatigue

<ul> <li>Dedication</li> <li>Woodhead Publishing Series in Welding and Other Joining Technologies</li> <li>Preface</li> <li>Part One: Principles of weld fracture and fatigue<ul><li>1: Designing engineered structures<ul><li>1.1 Introduction</li><li>1.2 The first engineered structures</li><li>1.3 Successful structures</li><li>1.4 Materials and fabrication methods</li><li>1.5 Industrialisation: benefits and consequences</li><li>1.6 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>2: Structures under load<ul><li>2.1 Introduction</li><li>2.2 Sources of loading</li><li>2.3 Types of loading</li><li>2.4 Loads experienced during construction</li><li>2.5 Design approach</li><li>2.6 Axial and bending stresses</li><li>2.7 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>3: Welding problems and defects<ul><li>3.1 Introduction</li><li>3.2 ‘Workmanship’ defects</li><li>3.3 Weldability</li><li>3.4 Fabrication cracking in welds</li><li>3.5 Other types of weld defect</li><li>3.6 Welding residual stresses</li><li>3.7 Distortion</li><li>3.8 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>4: Design for static loading<ul><li>4.1 Introduction</li><li>4.2 Load–extension curves</li><li>4.3 Stress–strain curves</li><li>4.4 Static limit state design</li><li>4.5 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>5: Brittle fracture and the behaviour of cracks in structures<ul><li>5.1 Introduction</li><li>5.2 Nature of brittle fracture</li><li>5.3 The three factors for brittle fracture</li><li>5.4 Ductile-to-brittle transition</li><li>5.5 Welding and fabrication codes</li><li>5.6 Principles of fracture mechanics</li><li>5.7 Fracture toughness parameters</li><li>5.8 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>6: Structures under cyclic load<ul><li>6.1 Introduction</li><li>6.2 Engineering perspective of fatigue</li><li>6.3 Metallurgical perspective of fatigue</li><li>6.4 Practical implications for a growing fatigue crack</li><li>6.5 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>7: Fatigue of welded joints<ul><li>7.1 Introduction</li><li>7.2 Fatigue performance of welded joints</li><li>7.3 Special features of welded joints</li><li>7.4 Fatigue design of welded joints</li><li>7.5 Stress histories of real structures: variable amplitude loading</li><li>7.6 Fatigue of welded aluminium</li><li>7.7 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>8: Failure modes and analysis in metals<ul><li>8.1 Introduction</li><li>8.2 Ductile failure</li><li>8.3 Brittle fracture</li><li>8.4 Fatigue failure</li><li>8.5 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces</li><li>8.6 Interpreting fracture faces</li><li>8.7 Corrosion</li><li>8.8 Engineering failure investigations</li><li>8.9 Conclusions</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Part Two: Testing, analysis and assessment of weld fracture and fatigue<ul><li>9: Mechanical testing of welds<ul><li>9.1 Introduction</li><li>9.2 Weld procedure qualification</li><li>9.3 Bend testing</li><li>9.4 Tensile testing</li><li>9.5 Charpy testing</li><li>9.6 Fracture toughness testing</li><li>9.7 Fatigue testing</li><li>9.8 Creep testing</li><li>9.9 Corrosion testing</li><li>9.10 Macrographic sections</li><li>9.11 Hardness testing</li><li>9.12 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>10: Detecting weld defects<ul><li>10.1 Introduction</li><li>10.2 ‘Perfect’ welds and detection of weld defects</li><li>10.3 Visual inspection</li><li>10.4 Dye penetrant inspection</li><li>10.5 Magnetic particle inspection (MPI)</li><li>10.6 Eddy-current testing</li><li>10.7 Radiography</li><li>10.8 Ultrasonic testing (UT)</li><li>10.9 Probability of detection</li><li>10.10 Flaw-sizing error</li><li>10.11 Choosing suitable non-destructive testing (NDT) methods</li><li>10.12 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>11: Weld defect assessment<ul><li>11.1 Introduction</li><li>11.2 Fitness-for-service assessment</li><li>11.3 When to carry out an engineering critical assessment (ECA)</li><li>11.4 Standards for assessment methods</li><li>11.5 Input data for ECA</li><li>11.6 Failure assessment diagrams (FAD)</li><li>11.7 Proximity to failure and safety factors</li><li>11.8 Refining the assessment</li><li>11.9 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>12: Weld fatigue assessment<ul><li>12.1 Introduction</li><li>12.2 Using fracture mechanics to describe fatigue crack growth</li><li>12.3 The power law (Paris equation)</li><li>12.4 Assessing weld flaws under fatigue loading</li><li>12.5 Advanced fatigue crack growth assessment</li><li>12.6 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>13: Improving the fracture performance and fatigue life of welded joints<ul><li>13.1 Introduction</li><li>13.2 Fatigue improvement measures to be taken before welding</li><li>13.3 Fatigue improvement techniques for welds</li><li>13.4 Other fatigue considerations</li><li>13.5 Improving fracture performance</li><li>13.6 Using this book: repair of fatigue cracks</li><li>13.7 Conclusions</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Index</li> </ul>