Dietary Supplements

<ul> <li>List of contributors</li> <li>Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition</li> <li>Introduction</li> <li>Part One: General issues<ul><li>1: Dietary supplement labelling and health claims<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>1.1 Introduction: the regulatory situation in the European Union (EU)</li><li>1.2 Labelling requirements</li><li>1.3 Nutrition claims</li><li>1.4 Health claims</li><li>1.5 Borderline substances: between foods and medicine</li><li>1.6 Conclusions</li><li>Acknowledgements</li><li>Appendix: abbreviations</li></ul></li><li>2: Good manufacturing practice (GMP) in the production of dietary supplements<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>2.1 Introduction</li><li>2.2 Key issues related to good manufacturing practice/good hygienic practice (GMP/GHP) implementation</li><li>2.3 Documentation of GMP</li><li>2.4 Benefits and drawbacks of GMP use in organisations</li><li>2.5 Summary</li></ul></li><li>3: Analysing the composition of fortified foods and supplements: the case of vitamins<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>3.1 Introduction</li><li>3.2 Extraction and purification methods</li><li>3.3 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)</li><li>3.4 Gas chromatography (GC)</li><li>3.5 Capillary electrophoresis (CE)</li><li>3.6 Spectroscopic methods</li><li>3.7 Microbiological methods</li><li>3.8 Immunoassays</li><li>3.9 Other methods</li><li>3.10 Future trends</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Part Two: Drug–supplement interactions<ul><li>4: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: herbal supplements<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>4.1 Introduction</li><li>4.2 Herbals: introduction</li><li>4.3 Hypericum perforatum (St John's Wort (SJW))</li><li>4.4 Allium sativum (garlic)</li><li>4.5 Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo)</li><li>4.6 Panax ginseng (ginseng), Piper methysticum (kava kava) and Serenoa repens (saw palmetto)</li><li>4.7 Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower), Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry) and Silybum marianum (milk thistle)</li><li>4.8 Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), Valeriana officinalis (valerian) and Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh)</li><li>4.9 Glycine max (soy), Camellia sinensis (green tea) and Zingiber officinale (ginger)</li><li>4.10 Morinda citrifolia (noni), Aloe vera (aloe), Vitis vinifera (grape seed) and Curcuma longa (turmeric)</li><li>4.11 Stevia rebaudiana (stevia), Lepidium meyenii (maca) and Garcinia mangostana (mangosteen)</li><li>4.12 Summary</li></ul></li><li>5: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: probiotic and lipid supplements<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>5.1 Introduction</li><li>5.2 Probiotics and drug delivery in the colon</li><li>5.3 Probiotics: summary</li><li>5.4 Lipids and drug delivery</li><li>5.5 Lipidic excipients and drug release</li><li>5.6 Summary: pharmacokinetic drug–lipid interactions</li></ul></li><li>6: Pharmacokinetic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements: carbohydrate, protein, vitamin and mineral supplements<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>6.1 Introduction</li><li>6.2 Carbohydrates as dietary supplements</li><li>6.3 Carbohydrates as pharmaceutical excipients and prodrugs</li><li>6.4 Carbohydrates: summary</li><li>6.5 Proteins, peptides, and amino acids</li><li>6.6 The impact of proteins on drug pharmacokinetics and their use as prodrugs</li><li>6.7 Proteins: summary</li><li>6.8 Vitamins</li><li>6.9 Vitamins: summary</li><li>6.10 Minerals and oligoelements</li><li>6.11 Minerals: summary</li></ul></li><li>7: Pharmacodynamic interactions between drugs and dietary supplements<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>7.1 Introduction</li><li>7.2 Vitamins</li><li>7.3 Minerals</li><li>7.4 Herbal supplements</li><li>7.5 Antioxidants</li><li>7.6 Conclusion</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Part Three: Vitamins, minerals and probiotics as dietary supplements<ul><li>8: Vitamins/minerals as dietary supplements: a review of clinical studies<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>8.1 Introduction: efficacy in clinical trials does not guarantee practical impact</li><li>8.2 Are some natural metabolites conditionally essential nutrients?</li><li>8.3 Use of supplements to improve micronutrient adequacy</li><li>8.4 Do folic acid supplements prevent neural tube defects (NTDs)?</li><li>8.5 Do supplements of the ACE vitamins and selenium reduce cancer and heart disease mortality?</li><li>8.6 Do vitamin C supplements prevent or ameliorate the common cold?</li><li>8.7 Do vitamin D (and calcium) supplements improve bone health and have wider benefits?</li><li>8.8 Can supplements of essential minerals reduce blood pressure?</li><li>8.9 Should parents in areas without fluoridated water give their children fluoride supplements?</li><li>8.10 Do micronutrients improve immune function in the elderly?</li><li>8.11 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>9: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders, Helicobacter eradication, lactose malabsorption and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>9.1 Introduction</li><li>9.2 Probiotics for gastrointestinal disorders</li><li>9.3 Probiotics for Helicobacter eradication</li><li>9.4 Probiotics for lactose malabsorption</li><li>9.5 Probiotics for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated conditions</li><li>9.6 Safety of probiotics</li><li>9.7 Conclusions and future trends</li></ul></li><li>10: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for atopic and allergic disorders, urinary tract and respiratory infections<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>10.1 Introduction</li><li>10.2 Probiotics for atopic and allergic disorders</li><li>10.3 Probiotics for urogenital infections</li><li>10.4 Probiotics for respiratory tract infections</li><li>10.5 Conclusions</li></ul></li><li>11: Reviewing clinical studies of probiotics as dietary supplements: probiotics for oral healthcare, rheumatoid arthritis, cancer prevention, metabolic diseases and postoperative infections<ul><li>Abstract</li><li>11.1 Introduction</li><li>11.2 Probiotics for oral healthcare</li><li>11.3 Probiotics for rheumatoid arthritis</li><li>11.4 Probiotics for cancer prevention</li><li>11.5 Probiotics for metabolic diseases</li><li>11.6 Probiotics for postoperative infections</li><li>11.7 Conclusions</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Index</li> </ul>