<p>I. GENERAL ASPECTS OF CARE<br>1. Invited Commentary Ronnie A. Rosenthal<br>2. The Epidemiology and Economics of Cardiothoracic Surgery in the Elderly<br>David A. Etzioni and Vaughn A. Starnes<br>3. Principles of Geriatric Surgery<br>Mark R. Katlic<br>4. Geriatric Models of Care<br>Elizabeth A. Capezuti, Patricia Ursomanno, Marie Boltz and Hongsoo Kim<br>5. Delirium after Cardiac Surgery <br>James L. Rudolph<br>6. Cardiac Rehabilitation in the Elderly<br>Carl I. Gonzalez, II and Lois A. Killewich<br>7. Legal Aspects of Geriatric Surgery<br>Marshall B. Kapp<br>8. Ethical Issues in Cardiac Surgery for the Elderly<br>Susan M. Hecker and Robert M. Sade<br>9. Acute Pain Control in Geriatric Patients after Cardiac and Thoracic Surgeries<br>Jack M. Berger, Tawfik Ayoub and Jayeshkumar Patel<br>10. Palliative Care in the Elderly<br>Geoffrey P. Dunn<br>11. Cardiopulmonary Trauma in the Elderly<br>Jay Menaker and Thomas M. Scalea <br>12. Imaging Features of the Normal Aging Chest<br>Carol Wu and Jo-Anne O. Shepard <br>13. Cardiac Imaging in the Elderly<br>Faisal Nabi, Dipan J. Shah, Stephen H. Little and Su Min Chang </p><p>II. PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES<br>14. Invited Commentary by Michael E. Zenilman <br>15. Biology of Aging<br>Huber R. Warner<br>16. Hematologic Disorders in the Elderly<br>Ilene C. Weitz<br>17. Anticoagulation in the Older Surgical Patient<br>M. Kate Elfrey and Susan J. Zieman<br>18. Medication Usage in Older Cardiothoracic Surgery Patients<br>Richard Marottoli, Sean M. Jeffery and Roshini C. Pinto-Powell<br>19. Wound Healing in the Elderly<br>Christopher G. Engeland and Praveen K. Gajendrareddy<br>20. Pulmonary Changes in the Elderly<br>Keenan A. Hawkins and Ravi Kalhan<br>21. Cardiac Changes in the Elderly<br>Wilbert S. Aronow and William H. Frishman<br>22. Renal Changes in the Elderly<br>Carlos G. Musso and Dimitrios O. Oreopoulos23. Gastrointestinal and Liver Changes in the Elderly<br>Vadim Sherman, John A. Primoro and F. Charles Brunicardi <br>24. Neurologic and Cognitive Changes in the Elderly<br>J. Riley McCarten<br>25. Hormonal Changes during and after Cardiac Surgery <br>Marcello Maggio, Chiara Cattabiani and Gian Paulo Ceda</p><p>III. CARDIAC SURGERY<br>26. Invited Commentary by William A. Baumgartner<br>27. Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation in the Elderly Cardiac Surgery Patient<br>Joseph C. Cleveland, Jr.<br>28. Cardiac Anesthesia in the Elderly<br>James H. Abernathy, III and Eric W. Nelson<br>29. Cardiothoracic Surgery in the Elderly<br>Christopher J. Barreiro, Kerry J. Stewart and Glenn Whitman <br>30. Ischemic Coronary Disease<br>Margarita T. Camacho and Melissa L. Wong<br>31. Surgical Treatment of Aortic Valve Disease in the Elderly<br>Vinod H. Thourani and Robert A. Guyton <br>32. Surgical Treatment of Mitral Valve Disease in the Elderly<br>Maqsood M. Elahi and Kenton J. Zehr<br>33. Surgical Treatment of Thoracic Aortic Disease in the Elderly<br>Arnar Geirsson<br>34. Surgical Treatment of Pericardial Disease in the Elderly<br>Joshua Kindelan and Alberto de Hoyos<br>35. Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators in the Elderly<br>Luciana Armaganijan and Jeff S. Healy<br>36. Heart Transplant and Mechanical Assistance in the Elderly<br>Edwin C. McGee, Jr.</p><p>IV. THORACIC SURGERY<br>37. Invited Commentary by Joseph LoCicero, III<br>38. Preoperative Evaluation and Preparation in the Elderly Thoracic Surgery Patient<br>Triciana Leal, Noelle K. LoConte, Anai Kothari and Tracey L. Weigel<br>39. Thoracic Anesthesia in the Elderly<br>Anne C. Kolker<br>40. Postoperative and Critical Care in the Elderly Thoracic Surgery Patient<br>Brannon R. Hyde and Joseph B. Zwischenberger<br>41. Adjuvant Therapy for Lung Cancer in the Elderly<br>Jared Weiss and Corey J. Langer42. Pulmonary Surgery for Malignant Disease in the Elderly<br>Sarah Billmeier and Michael T. Jaklitsch<br>43. Benign Thoracic Disease in the Elderly<br>Rita A. Mukhtar and Pierre R. Theodore<br>44. Lung Transplantation in the Elderly<br>Juan J. Fibla, Sandra C. Tomaszek and Stephen D. Cassivi <br>45. Esophageal Surgery for Malignant Disease in the Elderly<br>Philip A. Rascoe and John C. Kucharczuk <br>46. Esophageal Surgery for Benign Disease in the Elderly<br>Rose E. Hardin, Katie S. Nason and James D. Luketich<br>47. Surgery for Mediastinal Disease in the Elderly<br>Cameron D. Wright<br>48. Surgery for Pleural Disease in the Elderly<br>Raja M. Flores and Naveed Z. Alam<br>49. Surgery for Chest Wall Disease in the Elderly <br>Daniel L. Miller<br>50. Surgery of the Trachea and Bronchi in the Elderly<br>Douglas J. Mathisen and Ashok Muniappan</p><p>V. APPENDICES</p><p>A. Indices <br>1. Charlson Co-Morbidity Index<br>2. American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA)<br>B. Function <br>1. Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE)<br>2. Mini-Cog<br>3. Geriatric Depression Scale<br>4. Geriatric Depression Scale, Short Form<br>5. Activities of Daily Living (ADL)<br>6. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL)<br>7. Karnofsky Score<br>8. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG)/ Zubrod Score<br>C. Physiologic <br>1. Six-Minute Walk Test<br>2. Shuttle Walk Test<br>3. Metabolic Equivalent (MET)<br>D. References <br>1. Publications<br>2. Organizations</p>