1 The New Frontier at the Crossing of life and Physical Sciences.- 2 State of the Art in Proteomics, Crystallography and Nanobiotechnology.- 2.1 Methods of Protein Production.- 2.1.1 Recombinant DNA Technology: expression, purification and mutagenesis.- 2.2 Methods for Protein Identification.- 2.2.1 Two-dimensional electrophoresis.- 2.2.2 Mass spectrometry and its principles.- 2.3 Methods of Protein Crystallization.- 2.3.1. Importance of protein sample preparation.- 2.3.2 Protein solubility and supersaturation. Nucleation and crystal growth.- 2.3.3 Classical methods.- 2.3.4 Less common techniques.- 2.3.5 Advanced methods.- 2.4 Methods of Crystal Structure Determination.- 2.4.1 Protein X-ray crystallography.- 2.4.2 Crystal structure determination.- 2.4.3 Data collection and data processing.- 2.4.4 Traditional X-ray diffractometer.- 2.4.5 Electron microscopy.- 2.5 Other Methods of Protein Structure Investigation.- 2.5.1 Circular Dichroism measurements.- 2.5.2 High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance.- 2.6 Methods of Protein Immobilization In Solid Thin Films.- 2.6.1 Pressure-area isotherms.- 2.6.2 Surface potential.- 2.6.3 Methods of thin film deposition.- 2.6.4 Methods of thin film characterization.- 3 Nanocrystallography.- 3.1 Nanobiofilms Template.- 3.1.1 Substrate preparation.- 3.1.2 Protein thin film formation.- 3.1.3 Protein thin film characterization.- 3.2 Atomic Force Microscopy.- 3.2.1 Design of the chamber.- 3.2.2 The hardware and software apparatus.- 3.2.3 Performances of the system.- 3.3 Synchrotron Radiation.- 3.3.1 Principles of Synchrotron functioning.- 3.3.2 Microfocus beamline and ultramicrocrystal diffraction.- 3.3.3 Protein crystals synchrotron radiation analysis.- 3.3.4 Structure determination and refinement.- 3.4 From Art to Science With Protein Nanocrystallography.- 4 From Art to Science in Protein Crystallography.- 4.1 New Method Validation With Lysozyme as a Model Protein.- 4.1.1 Effect of the thin film template: kinetics of the lysozyme crystal growth.- 4.1.2 Thin film surface pressure influence on the template-induced crystallization.- 4.1.3 X-ray diffraction of lysozyme crystals.- 4.1.4 Synchrotron radiation analysis of lysozyme crystals.- 4.2 Yet Unresolved Proteins: Bovine Cytochrome P450scc.- 4.2.1 Cytochrome P450scc (Side-Chain Cleavage).- 4.2.2 Sample homogeneity.- 4.2.3 Pressure-area isotherm.- 4.2.4 Quartz crystal nanobalance.- 4.2.5 Cytochrome P450scc crystallization.- 4.2.6 Atomic Force Microscopy of cytochrome microcrystals.- 4.3 Yet unresolved proteins: Human kinase CK2? Catalytic Subunit.- 4.3.1 Protein kinase CK2? catalytic subunit.- 4.3.2 Sample homogenity.- 4.3.3 Pressure-area isotherm.- 4.3.4 Quartz crystal nanobalance.- 4.3.5 Human protein kinase CK2? crystallization.- 4.3.6 Synchrotron radiation: analysis, data processing and structure determination.- 4.4 Conclusions.- 5 From Science Technology in Proteomics.- 5.1 Automated Mass Spectrometry.- 5.2 Biomolecular Arrays.- 5.2.1 The surface patterning.- 5.2.2 The instrumental layout and data analysis.- 5.3 Unsolved Protein Structures of Scientific and Industrial Interest.- 6 Future Trends.- 6.1 Novel Composite Biomaterials and Nanodevices.- 6.2 nanocrystals.- References.
