Acknowledgements Notes on the Contributors PART I: INTRODUCTORY SECTION Introduction: Writing the Mass into a Mass Phenomenon; M.Beyen & M.Van Ginderachter What Does it Mean to Say that Nationalism is 'Popular'?; J.Breuilly PART II: HISTORIOGRAPHIC SURVEYS An Inconvenient Nation. Nation Building and National Identity in Modern Spain. The Historiographical Debate; F.Molina & M.Cabo On the Uses and Abuses of Nationalism from Below. A Few Notes on Italy; I.Porciani Differentiation or Indifference? Changing Perspectives on National Identification in the Austrian Half of the Habsburg Monarchy; L.Cole Nationhood from Below. Some Historiographic Notes on Great Britain, France and Germany in the Long Nineteenth Century; M.Van Ginderachter PART III: CASE STUDIES 'The Domestic Other': The Nation and its Outsiders: the 'Gypsy Question' and Peasant Nationalism in Finland, c. 1863-1900; M.Tervonen Which Political Nation? Soft Borders and Popular Nationhood in the Rhineland, 1800-1850; J.Brophy 'The External Other': Between or Without Nations. Multiple Identifications Among Belgian Migrants in Lille, Northern France, 1850-1900; S.Vanden Borre & T.Verschaffel 'From the Wound a Flower Grows'. A Re-Examination of French Patriotism in the Face of the Franco-Prussian War; J.Chanet 'All the Butter in the Country Belongs to Us, Belgians'. Well-Being and Lower Class National Identification in Belgium during the First World War; A.Vrints General Conclusion. Popular Nationhood: A Companion of European Modernities; M.Beyen & M.Van Ginderachter Index