Atlas of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Third Edition

Dedication <br/> About the Cover Images <br/> Contents <br/> Contributing Authors <br/> Photography Credits <br/> Radiography Credits <br/> Foreword <br/> Preface <br/> Acknowledgments <br/> Chapter 1 Nonaccidental Trauma <br/> Child Abuse <br/> Cutaneous Manifestations of Child Abuse <br/> Orofacial Trauma <br/> Inflicted Burns <br/> Skeletal Manifestations of Child Abuse <br/> Femur Fractures <br/> Rib Fractures Due to Abuse <br/> Skull Fractures Due to Abuse <br/> Abusive Head Trauma <br/> Abusive Thoracoabdominal Trauma <br/> Infanticide Versus Sudden Unexplained Infant Death Syndrome <br/> Chapter 2 Conditions Mistaken For Physical And Sexual Abuse <br/> Congenital Dermal Melanocytosis <br/> Folk Healing Practices <br/> Cold Panniculitis <br/> Nevi of OTA and ITO <br/> Port-Wine Stain <br/> Phytophotodermatitis <br/> Contact Dermatitis from Senna <br/> Acute Hemorrhagic Edema of Infancy <br/> Impetigo <br/> Postinflammatory Hyperpigmentation <br/> Raccoon Eye <br/> Hair-Tourniquet Syndrome <br/> Menkes Disease <br/> Vitamin D Insufficiency, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Rickets <br/> Osteogenesis Imperfecta <br/> Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus <br/> Perianal Bacterial Dermatitis <br/> Labial Adhesion <br/> Urethral Prolapse <br/> Straddle Injury <br/> Chapter 3 Infectious Diseases <br/> Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Scarlet Fever <br/> Impetigo <br/> Ecthyma <br/> Erysipelas <br/> Necrotizing Fasciitis <br/> Ecthyma Gangrenosum <br/> Toxic Shock Syndrome <br/> Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome <br/> Meningococcemia <br/> Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever <br/> Cat-Scratch Disease <br/> Lymphadenitis <br/> Chickenpox <br/> Herpes Zoster <br/> Oropharyngeal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection <br/> Herpetic Whitlow <br/> Mumps <br/> Roseola Infantum <br/> Measles <br/> Rubella <br/> Infectious Mononucleosis <br/> Erythema Infectiosum <br/> Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease <br/> Herpangina <br/> Cutaneous Larvae Migrans <br/> Ascariasis <br/> Malaria <br/> Chapter 4 Sexual Abuse, Gynecology, and Sexually Transmitted Infections <br/> Overview of Child Sexual Abuse and Assault <br/> Sexual Abuse and Sexually Transmitted Infections <br/> Condylomata Acuminata <br/> Trichomoniasis <br/> Congenital Syphilis <br/> Primary and Secondary Syphilis <br/> Gonorrhea <br/> Genital Herpes <br/> Pelvic Inflammatory Disease <br/> Abnormal Uterine Bleeding <br/> Ectopic Pregnancy <br/> Chapter 5 Cardiology <br/> Bradycardia <br/> First-Degree Atrioventricular Block <br/> Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block <br/> Third-Degree Atrioventricular Block <br/> Long Qt Syndrome <br/> Syncope <br/> Sinus Tachycardia <br/> Supraventricular Tachycardia <br/> Atrial Flutter <br/> Premature Ventricular Contractions <br/> Hypercyanotic Spell of Tetralogy of Fallot <br/> Ductal-Dependent Cardiac Lesions/Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome <br/> Infective Endocarditis <br/> Chest Pain <br/> Acute Pericarditis <br/> Acute Myocarditis <br/> Congestive Heart Failure <br/> Acute Rheumatic Fever <br/> Pulmonary Hypertensive Crises <br/> Chapter 6 Respiratory Disorders <br/> Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies <br/> Pertussis <br/> Croup <br/> Bacterial Tracheitis <br/> Epiglottitis <br/> Bronchiolitis <br/> Community-Acquired Pneumonia <br/> Intrathoracic Tuberculosis <br/> Miliary Tuberculosis <br/> Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome <br/> Asthma <br/> Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax <br/> Pulmonary Embolism <br/> Chapter 7 Dermatology <br/> Urticaria <br/> Angioedema <br/> Serum Sickness/Serum Sickness–Like Reactions <br/> Urticaria Multiforme <br/> Erythema Multiforme <br/> Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis <br/> Drug Reactions <br/> Henoch-SchöNlein Purpura <br/> Acne Fulminans <br/> Seborrheic Dermatitis <br/> Allergic Contact Dermatitis <br/> Atopic Dermatitis <br/> Eczema Herpeticum <br/> Psoriasis <br/> Guttate Psoriasis <br/> Pityriasis Rosea <br/> Granuloma Annulare <br/> Scabies <br/> Tinea Versicolor <br/> Tinea Capitis <br/> Tinea Corporis <br/> Tinea Cruris <br/> Tinea Pedis <br/> Tinea Unguium <br/> Warts <br/> Molluscum Contagiosum <br/> Acropustulosis of Infancy <br/> Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum <br/> Epidermolysis Bullosa <br/> Infantile Hemangioma <br/> Mastocytosis <br/> Café-au-Lait Spots <br/> Erythema Nodosum <br/> Acanthosis Nigricans <br/> Hidradenitis Suppurativa <br/> Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis <br/> Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn <br/> Candidal Diaper Dermatitis <br/> Perioral Dermatitis <br/> Incontinentia Pigmenti <br/> Chapter 8 Ophthalmology <br/> Orbital Cellulitis <br/> Preseptal Cellulitis <br/> Hordeolum and Chalazion <br/> Acute Conjunctivitis <br/> Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Newborn Conjunctivitis) <br/> Leukocoria <br/> Infantile Glaucoma <br/> Corneal Foreign Body <br/> Corneal Abrasion <br/> Corneal Ulcer <br/> Hypopyon <br/> Hyphema <br/> Subconjunctival Hemorrhage <br/> Eyelid Laceration <br/> Traumatic Globe Rupture <br/> Orbital Fracture <br/> Retrobulbar Hemorrhage <br/> Chemical Burns <br/> Chapter 9 Otolaryngology <br/> Acute Otitis Media <br/> Complications of Otitis Media <br/> Otitis Externa <br/> Perichondritis <br/> Auricular Foreign Body <br/> Auricular Hematoma <br/> Epistaxis <br/> Nasal Foreign Bodies <br/> Acute Sinusitis <br/> Chronic Sinusitis <br/> Pott Puffy Tumor <br/> Deep Neck Space Infection <br/> Peritonsillar Abscess <br/> Lemierre Syndrome <br/> Chapter 10 Surgical and Genitourinary <br/> Intussusception <br/> Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis <br/> Acute Nonperforated Appendicitis <br/> Perforated Appendicitis <br/> Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia <br/> Testicular Torsion <br/> Testicular Trauma <br/> Epididymo-Orchitis <br/> Torsion of The Appendix Testis <br/> Vaginal Foreign Body in a Prepubertal Child <br/> Congenital Imperforate Hymen with Hematometrocolpos <br/> Bartholin Gland Abscess <br/> Paraphimosis <br/> Ovarian Torsion <br/> Intestinal Malrotation and Volvulus <br/> Umbilical Granuloma <br/> Umbilical Hernia <br/> Chapter 11 Hematology and Oncology <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia with Fever <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia with Acute Pain <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia with Acute Chest Syndrome <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia and Cerebrovascular Disease <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia with Priapism <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia with Right Upper Quadrant Syndrome <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia and Transient Aplastic Crisis <br/> Sickle Cell Anemia and Acute Splenic Sequestration Crisis <br/> Newly Diagnosed Immune Thrombocytopenia <br/> Hemophilia <br/> Lymphadenopathy <br/> Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia <br/> Hodgkin Lymphoma <br/> Abdominal Mass <br/> Neuroblastoma <br/> Ovarian Tumors <br/> Osteosarcoma <br/> Ewing Sarcoma <br/> Chapter 12 Rheumatology <br/> Kawasaki Disease <br/> Incomplete Kawasaki Disease <br/> Systemic Lupus Erythematosus <br/> Neonatal Lupus <br/> Raynaud Phenomenon <br/> Juvenile Dermatomyositis <br/> Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis <br/> Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis <br/> Macrophage Activation Syndrome <br/> Lyme Disease <br/> Chapter 13 Neurology <br/> Bacterial Meningitis <br/> Raised Intracranial Pressure <br/> Altered Mental Status <br/> Febrile Seizures <br/> Seizures and Epilepsy <br/> Status Epilepticus <br/> Stroke in Children <br/> Neurocysticercosis <br/> Bell Palsy <br/> Headache <br/> Brain Tumors <br/> Hydrocephalus <br/> Spinal Cord Lesions (Nontraumatic) <br/> Guillain-Barré Syndrome <br/> Myasthenia Gravis <br/> Infantile Botulism <br/> Chapter 14 Endocrinology <br/> Diabetic Ketoacidosis <br/> Addison Disease <br/> Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia <br/> Hypothyroidism and Myxedema <br/> Hyperthyroidism and Thyroid Storm <br/> Chapter 15 Gastrointestinal Disorders <br/> Esophageal Foreign Bodies <br/> Foreign Bodies Distal to Esophagus <br/> Anorectal Foreign Bodies <br/> Battery Ingestions <br/> Retained Bones <br/> Sharp Objects <br/> Magnet Ingestions <br/> Hematemesis <br/> Pancreatitis <br/> Biliary Colic <br/> Inflammatory Bowel Disease Exacerbations <br/> Constipation <br/> Rectal Bleeding <br/> Chapter 16 Nephrology <br/> Proteinuria <br/> Hematuria <br/> Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome <br/> Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis <br/> Urinary Tract Infection <br/> Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome <br/> Obstructive Uropathy <br/> Hypertensive Emergencies <br/> Nephrolithiasis <br/> Hypocalcemia <br/> Hypercalcemia <br/> Hypokalemia <br/> Hyperkalemia <br/> Chapter 17 Toxicology <br/> The Evaluation and Management of Poisoning in Children: General Approach and GI Decontamination <br/> Acute Acetaminophen Toxicity <br/> Acute Salicylate Toxicity <br/> Iron Toxicity <br/> Opioid Toxicity <br/> Cocaine Toxicity <br/> Methemoglobinemia <br/> Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticide Toxicity <br/> Castor Bean and Rosary Pea Ingestion <br/> Phenothiazine Toxicity <br/> Anticholinergic Drug and Plant Toxicity <br/> Acute Isoniazid Toxicity <br/> Camphor Toxicity <br/> Hydrocarbon and Naphthalene Toxicity <br/> Ecstasy/Molly Toxicity <br/> Ketamine Toxicity <br/> Dextromethorphan Toxicity <br/> Marijuana Toxicity <br/> Ethylene Glycol Toxicity <br/> Methanol Toxicity <br/> Ethanol Toxicity <br/> Prescription Drugs of Abuse <br/> β-Blocker and Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity <br/> Clonidine Toxicity <br/> Cyclic Antidepressant Toxicity <br/> Lead Toxicity <br/> Caustics <br/> Nicotine <br/> Caffeine <br/> Chapter 18 Environmental Emergencies <br/> Thermal Burns <br/> Peripheral Cold Injuries <br/> Anaphylaxis <br/> Brown Recluse Spider Envenomation <br/> Black Widow Spider Envenomation <br/> Scorpion Envenomation <br/> Dog Bites <br/> Rabies Exposure and Vaccine Prophylaxis <br/> Cat Bites <br/> Human Bites <br/> Venomous Marine Animals: Stinging Marine Animals—Corals, Sea Anemones, Hydroids, and Fire Coral <br/> Stinging Marine Animals: Box Jellyfish, True Jellyfish, and Portuguese Man-of-War <br/> Stinging Marine Animals: Sponges (Phylum Porifera) <br/> Stabbing Marine Animals: Starfish, Sea Urchins, and Crown-of-Thorns Starfish <br/> Stabbing Marine Animals
: Stonefish and Scorpionfish (Family Scorpaenidae) <br/> Stabbing Marine Animals: Stingray <br/> Stabbing Marine Animals: Cone Shells (Family Conidae) <br/> Biting Marine Animals: Blue-Ringed Octopus <br/> Lightning Injuries <br/> Snake Envenomations <br/> High-Altitude Illness <br/> Chapter 19 Orthopedics <br/> Fractures and Fracture Classification <br/> Tuft Fractures <br/> Phalanx Fractures <br/> Mallet Finger <br/> Bennett Fracture and Rolando Fracture <br/> Boxer’s Fracture <br/> Fractures of Carpal Bones (Scaphoid Fracture) <br/> Forearm Fractures <br/> Galeazzi Fracture Dislocation and Monteggia Fracture Dislocation <br/> Olecranon Fracture <br/> Radial Head and Neck Fractures <br/> Supracondylar Fracture <br/> Humerus Fracture <br/> Clavicle Fracture <br/> Scapular Fracture <br/> Femur Fracture <br/> Patella Fractures <br/> Maisonneuve Fracture <br/> Ankle Fracture and Sprain <br/> Calcaneal Fracture <br/> Jones Fracture <br/> Lisfranc Fracture <br/> Stress Fracture <br/> Dislocations: Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation <br/> Lunate and Perilunate Dislocations <br/> Elbow Dislocation <br/> Anterior and Posterior Glenohumeral Joint Dislocations <br/> Hip Dislocation <br/> Knee Dislocation <br/> Ankle Dislocation <br/> Patella Dislocation <br/> Pelvic Avulsion Fractures <br/> Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture <br/> Musculoskeletal Injuries: Gamekeeper’s Thumb <br/> Nursemaid’s Elbow <br/> Acromioclavicular Injuries <br/> Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis <br/> Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease <br/> Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear <br/> Osgood-Schlatter Disease <br/> Achilles Tendon Rupture <br/> Foreign Bodies and Penetrating Injuries <br/> Hand Infections: Paronychia <br/> Flexor Tenosynovitis <br/> Bone and Joint Infections: Acute Osteomyelitis <br/> Chronic Osteomyelitis <br/> Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Disease <br/> Septic Arthritis <br/> Neonatal Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis <br/> Pott Disease <br/> Chapter 20 Trauma <br/> Head Trauma <br/> Skull Fractures <br/> Basilar Skull Fracture <br/> Acute Subdural Hematoma <br/> Epidural Hematoma <br/> Cerebral Contusion <br/> Cerebral Concussion <br/> Nasal Septal Hematoma <br/> Nasal Fractures <br/> Mandible Fractures <br/> Midfacial Fractures (Maxillary/Le Fort, Frontal Sinus, Nasoorbitoethmoid) <br/> Orbital Trauma <br/> Fractures of the Zygomatic Complex and Zygomatic Arch <br/> Soft Tissue Trauma <br/> Lip Laceration Involving the Vermilion Border <br/> Tongue Laceration <br/> Traumatic Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation <br/> Penetrating Neck Injury <br/> Cervical Spine Injuries <br/> Jefferson (4-Part) Burst Fractures <br/> Odontoid Fractures <br/> Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of C2 <br/> Extension Teardrop Fracture <br/> Anterior Flexion Fractures (Flexion Teardrop) <br/> Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation <br/> Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality <br/> Bilateral Facet Dislocation <br/> Unilateral Facet Dislocation <br/> Anterior Subluxation <br/> Spinal Process (Clay Shoveler’s) Fracture <br/> Dental Trauma <br/> Pulmonary Contusion <br/> Rib Fractures and Flail Chest <br/> Pneumothorax and Tension Pneumothorax <br/> Hemothorax <br/> Traumatic Airway Obstruction <br/> Aortic Disruption <br/> Traumatic Diaphragm Rupture <br/> Tracheobronchial Tree Injury <br/> Abdominal Trauma <br/> Splenic Injuries <br/> Hepatic Injuries <br/> Other Intra-Abdominal Trauma Including Seatbelt Injuries <br/> Pelvic Fractures <br/> Ring Incarceration <br/> Nail Bed Injury <br/> Subungual Hematoma <br/> Digital Amputation <br/> Degloving Injury <br/> Penetrating Hand or Foot Injury <br/> Traumatic Extremity Amputation <br/> Fishhook Removal <br/> Zipper Injury <br/> Chapter 21 Emergency Ultrasound <br/> Emergency Ultrasound <br/> Appendicitis <br/> Intussusception <br/> Pyloric Stenosis <br/> Biliary Ultrasound <br/> First-Trimester Pregnancy <br/> Pediatric Lung Ultrasound <br/> Abscesses and Cellulitis <br/> Pediatric Hip Ultrasound <br/> Pediatric Fractures <br/> Point-of-Care Cardiac Ultrasonography and Assessment of Volume Status <br/> Index