The Palgrave Handbook of Economics and Language

<p>Table of contents<br>List of Figures<br>List of Tables<br>Notes on Contributors<br>Victor Ginsburgh and Shlomo Weber, Introduction<br>Part I. Linguistic Diversity: Origins and Measurement<br>Chapter 1. Nigel Fabb, Linguistic Theory, Linguistic Diversity and Whorfian Economics<br>1.1 Introduction<br>1.2 Abstract linguistic form, and the rules and conditions which govern it<br>1.3 Linguistic diversity: An illustrative comparison between two languages<br>1.4 Theories of linguistic diversity<br>1.5 Whorfian psychology and economics: Causal relations between language and thought<br>1.6 Non-whorfian proposals that language influences thought<br>1.7 Conclusion<br>1.8 References<br>Chapter 2. Andrew Smith, Dynamic Models of Language Evolution. The Linguistic Perpective<br>2.1 Introduction<br>2.2 Language diversity<br>2.3 Language change<br>2.4 Dynamic models of language<br>2.5 Conclusion<br>2.6 References<br>Chapter 3. Andrew John, Dynamic Models of Language Evolution. The Economic Perspective<br>3.1 Introduction<br>3.2 How economic forces can influence language dynamics<br>3.3 Conclusion<br>3.4 References<br>Chapter 4. Mark Leikin, What Do We Learn from Neurolinguistics?<br>4.1 Introduction<br>4.2 Terms, definitions and research areas<br>4.3 Brain and language<br>4.4 Evolution of brain and language relationships<br>4.5 Development of brain and language relationships in childhood<br>4.6 The neurolinguistics of bilingualism<br>4.7 Conclusions<br>4.8 References<br>Chapter 5. Victor Ginsburgh and Shlomo Weber, Linguistic Distances and Ethno-linguistic Fractionalisation and Disenfranchisement Indices<br>5.1 Introduction<br>5.2 Languages, dialects and trade languages<br>5.3 Distances between languages<br>5.4 The effect of linguistic distances on economic outcomes<br>5.5 Linguistic distances between groups<br>5.6 Fractionalization and disenfranchisement indices<br>5.7 References<br>Chapter 6. Enrico Spolaore and Romain Wacziarg, Ancestry, Language and Culture<br>6.1 Introduction<br>6.2 Ancestry<br>6.3 Culture<br>6.4 Ancestry and culture: A simple conceptual framework<br>6.5 Ancestry and culture: Empirical evidence<br>6.6 Conclusion<br>6.7 References<br>Appendix: Derivations of the results in Section 6.4<br>Chapter 7. Efthymios Athanasiou, Juan Moreno-Ternero and Shlomo Weber, Language Learning and Communicative Benefits<br>7.1 Introduction<br>7.2 Communicative benefits<br>7.3 Efficiency<br>7.4 Efficient choices of official languages<br>7.5 Conclusion<br>7.6 References<br>Chapter 8. Niall Bond and Victor Ginsburgh, Language and Emotion<br>8.1 Introduction<br>8.2 Emotions and the polyglot<br>8.3 Choosing languages within language communities<br>8.4 'Colonized' writers<br>8.5 Migrating writers<br>8.6 Between languages: Nabokov, Green and Tabucchi<br>8.7 'Denying' the language in which they wrote: Kafka and Derrida<br>8.8 Concluding remarks<br>Part II. Languages and Markets<br>Chapter 9. Peter Egger, and Farid Toubal, Common Spoken Languages and International Trade<br>9.1 Introduction<br>9.2 Common native and spoken languages on the globe and their measures<br>9.3 A trade economists stylized view on languages<br>9.4 Empirical results<br>9.5 Conclusions<br>9.6 References<br>Chapter 10. Nigel Holden, Economic Exchange and Business Language in the Ancient World. An Exploratory Review<br>10.1 Introduction<br>10.2 Language considerations<br>10.3 Context of trade and antiquity<br>10.4 The written word<br>10.5 The spoken language of business in the Ancient World<br>10.6 Commercial terms in various languages of the Ancient World<br>10.7 The businessman as unsavoury personage in Greek and Latin literature<br>10.8 Latin: Not just a lingua franca<br>10.9 Conclusions<br>10.10 References<br>Chapter 11. Susanne Tietze, Nigel Hoden and Wilhelm Barner-Rasmussen, Language Use in Multinational Corporations. Towards a Topography of Languages, Special Languages and Corporate Sociolects<br>11.1 Introduction<br>11.2 Cities and the MNC<br>11.3 Research on language aspects of the MNC: A pragmatic perspective<br>11.4 Linguascapes, pragmatic spaces and the topography of language<br>11.5 Discussion<br>11.6 Conclusion<br>11.7 References<br>Chapter 12. Alicia Adsera and Mariola Pyltikova, Language and Migration<br>12.1 Introduction<br>12.2 The role of language in migration decisions<br>12.3 Language proficiency among migrants<br>12.4 Language and the returns to human capital<br>12.5 Language and migrants socioeconomic assimilation<br>12.6 Conclusions<br>12.7 References<br>Chapter 13. Johan Heilbron and Gis`ele Sapiro, Translation: Economic and Sociological Perspectives<br>13.1 Introduction<br>13.2 International translation flows and the global market of translations<br>13.3 Political, economic and cultural factors<br>13.4 Selection, import and reception patterns<br>13.5 Conclusions<br>13.6 References<br>Chapter 14. Dietmar Harhoff, Karin Hoisl, Bruno van Pottelsberghe de la Potterie and Charlotte Vandeput, Languages, Fees and the International Scope of Patenting<br>14.1 Introduction<br>14.2 Institutional background and hypotheses<br>14.3 Data and econometric modeling<br>14.4 Empirical implementation and results<br>14.5 Concluding remarks<br>14.6 References<br>Part III. Linguistic Policies and Economic Development<br>Chapter 15. Klaus Desmet, Ignacio Ortu˜no-Ort´?n and Romain Wacziarg, Linguistic Cleavages and Economic Development<br>15.1 Introduction<br>15.2 A phylogenetic approach to linguistic diversity<br>15.3 Linguistic diversity, redistribution and economic growth<br>15.4 Linguistic diversity and economic development<br>15.5 Conclusion<br>15.6 References<br>Chapter 16. Sue Wright, Language Choices: Political and Economic Factors in Three European States<br>16.1 Introduction<br>16.2 Nation building<br>16.3 Language, advantage and group membership<br>16.4 Conclusion: The role of elites<br>16.5 References<br>Chapter 17. Selma Sonntag, Languages, Regional Conflicts and Economic Development in South Asia<br>17.1 Introduction<br>17.2 India<br>17.3 Sri Lanka<br>17.4 Nepal<br>17.5 Pakistan<br>17.6 Conclusion<br>17.7 References<br>Chapter 18. Brandon de la Cuesta and Leonard Wantchekon, Is Language Destiny? The Origins and Consequences of Ethnolinguistic Diversity in sub-Saharan Africa<br>18.1 Introduction<br>18.2 Why does Africa have such high levels of linguistic diversity?<br>18.3 The economic and political effects of linguistic diversity<br>18.4 Conclusion<br>18.5 References<br>Chapter 19. Denis Kadochnikov, Languages, Regional Conflicts and Economic Development: Russia<br>19.1 Introduction<br>19.2 The standardization of the Russian language in the late medieval Russia (16-17th centuries)<br>19.3 Language policy in the context of the reforms of Peter the Great and his successors (18th century)<br>19.4 The role of foreign languages in Russia of the late 18th early 19th centuries<br>19.5 Language policy in the context of the territorial expansion of the Russian Empire (17-19th centuries)<br>19.6 Language and politics in the late imperial Russia<br>19.7 The Socialist Revolution of 1917 and the early Soviet language policy (1920-1930s)<br>19.8 Late Soviet language policy (1930-1980s)<br>19.9 Russian and other languages of the Russian Federation in the post-Soviet period<br>19.10 Summary: socio-economic and political factors and implications of language policy in Russia in historical perspective<br>19.11 References<br>Part IV. Globalisation and Minority Languages<br>Chapter 20. Jacques Melitz, English as a Global Language<br>20.1 Introduction<br>20.2 The status of English as a global language<br>20.3 Areas where English faces sharp limits<br>20.4 Language learning<br>20.5 Welfare implications<br>20.6 References<br>Chapter 21. François Grin, Challenges of Minority Languages<br>21.1 Introduction<br>21.2 What is a minority language?<br>21.3 The economics of minority language protection and promotion<br>21.4 Capacity, opportunity and desire: an overview of the basic model<br>21.5 Conditions for effective policies<br>21.6 Guidelines for language policy<br>21.7 The costs and net value of minority language policies<br>21.8 About contingent and absolute multilingualism<br>21.9 Concluding remarks<br>21.10 References<br>Appendix Minority languages in a strict sense: selected examples<br>Chapter 22. Bengt-ArneWickstr¨om, Language Rights: A Welfare-economics Approach<br>22.1 Introduction<br>22.2 Basic model<br>22.3 Modifications due to endogenous preferences<br>22.4 Modifications due to redistribution<br>22.5 Conclusions<br>22.6 References<br>Appendix. Formal analysis<br>Chapter 23. Jos´e Ram´on Uriarte Ayo, A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Minority Language Use in Multilingual Societies<br>23.1 Introduction<br>23.2 Multilingual societies<br>23.3 The reference point: Linguistic rights, linguistic politeness and expectations<br>23.4 The maximin language choice<br>23.5 Information in modern multilingual societies<br>23.6 The ultimatum language game<br>23.7 The bilinguals as a player population: The building of linguistic conventions<br>23.8 Linguistic politeness equilibrium<br>23.9 Policy suggestions<br>23.10 Conclusions<br>23.11 References<br>Index<br></p>