Handbook of Neurotoxicology
Volume II
Samenvatting
N eurotoxicology is a broad and burgeoning field of research. Its growth in recent years can be related, in part, to increased interest in and concern with the fact that a growing number of anthropogenic agents with neurotoxic potential, including pesticides, 1ead, mercury, and the polytypic byproducts of combustion and industrial production, continue to be spewed into and accumulate in the environment. In addition, there is great interest in natural products, including toxins, as sources of therapeutic agents. Indeed, it is well known that many natural toxins ofbroadly differing structure, produced or accumulated for predatory or defensive purposes, and toxic agents, accumulated incidentalIy by numerous species, function to perturb nervous tissue. Components of some of these toxins have been shown to be useful therapeutic agents and/or research reagents. Unfor of some neurotoxicants of anthropogenic ori tunately, the environmental accumulation gin, expecialIy pesticides and metals, has resulted in incidents ofhuman poisoning, some of epidemic proportion, and high levels of morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, an increasing incidence of neurobehavioral disorders, some with baffling symptoms, is confronting clinicians. It is not clear whether this is merely the re suit of increased vigi lance and/or improved diagnostics or a consequence of improved health care. In any case, the role of exposure to environmental and occupational neurotoxicants in the etiology of these phenomena, as well as neurodegenerative diseases, is coming under increasing scrutiny and investigation.
Specificaties
Inhoudsopgave
James L. Schardein, Section Editor
Developmental Neurotoxicity: Testing and Interpretation
Judith W. Henck
Manifestations of CNS Insult During Development
Susan A. Rice
Developmental Neurotoxicology: What Have We Learned from Guideline Studies?
Gregg D. Cappon and Donald G. Stump
Risk Assessment of Developmental Neurotoxicants
Hugh A. Tilson
Part II. Drugs of Abuse
Patricia A. Broderick, Section Editor
Electrophysiologic Evidence of Neural Injury or Adaptation in Cocaine Dependence
Kenneth R. Alper, Leslie S. Prichep, E. Roy John, Sharon C. Kowalik, and Mitchell S. Rosenthal
Addictive Basis of Marijuana and Cannabinoids
Eliot L. Gardner
Dopamine and Its Modulation of Drug-Induced Neuronal Damage
Donald M. Kuhn
NMDA Antagonist-Induced Neurotoxicity and Psychosis: The Dissociative Stimulation Hypothesis
Kevin Noguchi
Emerging Drugs of Abuse: Use Patterns and Clinical Toxicity
Katherine R. Bonson and Matthew Baggott
Mechanisms of Methamphetamine-Induced Neurotoxicity
Jean Lud Cadet and Christie Brannock
Neurotoxic Effects of Substituted Amphetamines in Rats and Mice: Challenges to the Current Dogma
James P. O'Callaghan and Diane B. Miller
Studies of Neural Degeneration Indicate that Fasciculus Retroflexus Is a Weak Link in Brain for Many Drugs of Abuse
Gaylord Ellison
Microsensors Detect Neuroadaptation by Cocaine: Serotonin Released in Motor Basal Ganglia Is Not Rhythmic with Movement
Patricia A. Broderick
Part III. Imaging
Thomas E. Schlaepfer, Section Editor
Impact of Intoxication: Structural and Functional Modifications in the Brain Induced by Ethanol Response
David J. Lyons, Cory S. Freedland, and Linda J. Porrino
Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of theEffects of Opioids
David Nutt and Mark Daglish
Structural and Functional Neuroimaging of the Effects of Cocaine in Human and Nonhuman Primates
Linda J. Porrino, David J. Lyons, Sharon R. Letchworth, Cory S. Freedland, and Michael A. Nader
Functional Neuroimaging of Cannabinoid Effects
Godfrey D. Pearlson
Neuroimaging of MDMA-Induced Neurotoxicity
Una D. McCann, Zsolt Szabo, and George A. Ricaurte
Part IV. Neurobehavioral Assessment Methods
Joel L. Mattsson, Section Editor
Tier 1 Neurological Assessment in Regulated Animal Safety Studies
Joseph F. Ross.
Neurological Assessment: The Role of the Clinician in Clinical Neurotoxicology
James W. Albers
Human Neuropsychological Testing and Evaluation
Stanley Berent and Christine L. Trask