Introduction Strategic Ambiguity: The Historical Context of the Tanzanian National Population Policy PART 1: AN INTERVIEW AT THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH Population Policy Implementation and Family Planning Humanistic Family Planning: Governing Population at the Grassroots PART 2: DEVELOPMENT IN THEATRE AND PRACTICE: THE REGIONAL WORKSHOP ON THE INTEGRATED PROJECT Identities, Expectations, and Control: Negotiating Traditional Practices and Modern Methods PART 3: NEGOTIATING COST-SHARING IN THE TANZANIAN HEALTH SECTOR Contraceptive Technologies for Planning Local Families PART 4: A DISSEMINATION AND UPDATING VISIT TO A REGIONAL HOSPITAL Conclusions