Overview of the Japanese Deficit Question; R.G.Hubbard & T.Ito Comments on 'Overview of the Japanese Deficit Question'; D.E.Weinstein Comments on 'Overview of the Japanese Deficit Question'; N.Yoshino Public Debt and Economic Growth in an Ageing Japan; T.Ihori, R.R.Kato, M.Kawade & S.Bessho Comments on 'Public Debt and Economic Growth in an Ageing Japan; R.Dekle Comments on 'Public Debt and Economic Growth in an Ageing Japan; T.Tomita Medium-term Strategies for Long-term Goals; H.J.Aaron Comments on 'Medium-term Strategies for Long-term Goals'; H.Ishi Comments on 'Medium-term Strategies for Long-term Goals'; K.N.Kuttner Fiscal Decentralization in Japan: Does It Harden the Budgets of Local Governments? E.Tajika & Y.Yui Comments on 'Fiscal Decentralization in Japan: Does It Harden the Budgets of Local Governments?'; D.Citrin Comments on 'Fiscal Decentralization in Japan: Does It Harden the Budgets of Local Governments?'; M.Hayashi Managing Public Costs in the Japanese Health and Nursing Care Sector; Y.Imai & H.Oxley Managing Social Costs: Challenges in Creating a Cohesive System for Health Care, Pensions, and the Needs of the Elderly; K.Kaizuka Avoiding a Fiscal/Demographic/Economic Debacle in Japan; L.J.Kotlikoff Comments on 'Managing Public Costs in the Japanese Health and Nursing Care Sector', 'Managing Social Costs: Challenges in Creating a Cohesive System for Health Care, Pensions, and the Needs of the Elderly' and 'Avoiding a Fiscal/Demographic/Economic Debacle in Japan'; P.S.Heller Comments on 'Managing Public Costs in the Japanese Health and Nursing Care Sector', 'Managing Social Costs: Challenges in Creating a Cohesive System for Health Care, Pensions, and the Needs of the Elderly' and 'Avoiding a Fiscal/Demographic/Economic Debacle in Japan'; Y.Iwamoto Concluding Remarks; A.O.Krueger