A Pathway to Introductory Statistics

<p><strong>1. Performing Operations and Evaluating Expressions</strong></p> <p>1.1 Variables, Constants, Plotting Points, and Inequalities</p> <p>1.2 Expressions</p> <p>1.3 Operations with Fractions and Proportions; Converting Units</p> <p>1.4 Absolute Value and Adding Real Numbers</p> <p>1.5 Change in a Quantity and Subtracting Real Numbers</p> <p>1.6 Ratios, Percents, and Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers</p> <p>1.7 Exponents, Square Roots, Order of Operations, and Scientific Notation</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Stocks Project</p> <p><strong>2. Designing Observational Studies and Experiments</strong></p> <p>2.1 Simple Random Sampling</p> <p>2.2 Systematic, Stratified, and Cluster Sampling</p> <p>2.3 Observational Studies and Experiments</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Survey about Proportions Project; Online Report Project</p> <p><strong>3. Graphical and Tabular Displays of Data </strong></p> <p>3.1 Frequency Tables, Relative Frequency Tables, and Bar Graphs</p> <p>3.2 Pie Charts and Two-Way Tables</p> <p>3.3 Dotplots, Stemplots, and Time-Series Plots</p> <p>3.4 Histograms</p> <p>3.5 Misleading Graphical Displays of Data</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Student Loan Default Project</p> <p><strong>4. Summarizing Data Numerically</strong></p> <p>4.1 Measures of Center</p> <p>4.2 Measures of Spread</p> <p>4.3 Boxplots</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Comparison Shopping of Cars Project</p> <p><strong>5. Computing Probabilities</strong></p> <p>5.1 Meaning of Probability</p> <p>5.2 Complement and Addition Rules</p> <p>5.3 Conditional Probability and the Multiplication Rule for Independent Events</p> <p>5.4 Finding Probabilities for a Normal Distribution</p> <p>5.5 Finding Values of Variables for Normal Distributions</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Heights of Adults Project</p> <p><strong>6. Describing Associations of Two Variables Graphically</strong></p> <p>6.1 Scatterplots</p> <p>6.2 Determining the Four Characteristics of an Association</p> <p>6.3 Modeling Linear Associations</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Climate Change Project; Volume Project</p> <p> Linear Graphing Project: Topic of Your Choice 421</p> <p><strong>7. Graphing Equations of Lines and Linear Models; Rate of Change</strong></p> <p>7.1 Graphing Equations of Lines and Linear Models</p> <p>7.2 Rate of Change and Slope of a Line</p> <p>7.3 Using Slope to Graph Equations of Lines and Linear Models</p> <p>7.4 Functions</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Climate Change Project; Workout Project; Balloon Project</p> <p><strong>8. Solving Linear Equations and Inequalities to Make Predictions </strong></p> <p>8.1 Simplifying Expressions</p> <p>8.2 Solving Linear Equations in One Variable</p> <p>8.3 Solving Linear Equations to Make Predictions</p> <p>8.4 Solving Formulas</p> <p>8.5 Solving Linear Inequalities to Make Predictions</p> <p><strong>9. Finding Equations of Linear Models </strong></p> <p>9.1 Using Two Points to Find an Equation of a Line</p> <p>9.2 Using Two Points to Find an Equation of a Linear Model</p> <p>9.3 Linear Regression Model</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Climate Change Project; Golf Ball Project;</p> <p> Rope Project; Shadow Project; Linear Project: Topic of Your Choice</p> <p><strong>10. Using Exponential Models to Make Predictions </strong></p> <p>10.1 Integer Exponents</p> <p>10.2 R ational Exponents</p> <p>10.3 G raphing Exponential Models</p> <p>10.4 Using Two Points to Find an Equation of an Exponential Model</p> <p>10.5 E xponential Regression Model</p> <p> Hands-On Projects: Stringed Instrument Project; Cooling Water Project</p> <p> Exponential Project: Topic of Your Choice</p> <p><strong>Appendices</strong></p> <p><strong>A. Using A TI-84 Graphing Calculator A-1</strong></p> <p>A.1 Turning a Graphing Calculator On or Off</p> <p>A.2 Making the Screen Lighter or Darker</p> <p>A.3 Selecting Numbers Randomly</p> <p>A.4 Entering Data for a Single Variable</p> <p>A.5 Constructing a Frequency Histogram</p> <p>A.6 Computing Median, Mean, Standard Deviation, and other Measures</p> <p>A.7 Constructing a Boxplot</p> <p>A.8 Computing Probabilities for a Normal Distribution</p> <p>A.9 Finding a Value of a Variable for a Normal Distribution</p> <p>A.10 Constructing a Time-Series Plot or Scatterplot</p> <p>A.11 Constructing Two Scatterplots That Share the Same Axes</p> <p>A.12 Computing Correlation Coefficients and Coefficients of Determination</p> <p>A.13 Turning a Plotter On or Off</p> <p>A.14 Entering an Equation</p> <p>A.15 Graphing an Equation</p> <p>A.16 Tracing a Curve without a Scatterplot</p> <p>A.17 Zooming</p> <p>A.18 Setting the Window Format</p> <p>A.19 Graphing Equations with a Scatterplot</p> <p>A.20 T racing a Curve with a Scatterplot</p> <p>A.21 Constructing a Table</p> <p>A.22 Constructing a Table for Two Equations</p> <p>A.23 Using “Ask” in a Table</p> <p>A.24 Finding the Intersection Point(s) of Two Curves</p> <p>A.25 Turning an Equation On or Off</p> <p>A.26 Finding a Regression Equation</p> <p>A.27 Constructing a Residual Plot</p> <p>A.28 Responding to Error Messages</p> <p><strong>B. Using Statcrunch</strong></p> <p>B.1 Selecting Numbers Randomly</p> <p>B.2 Entering Data</p> <p>B.3 Constructing Frequency and Relative Frequency Tables</p> <p>B.4 Constructing Bar Graphs or Multiple Bar Graphs</p> <p>B.5 Constructing Pie Charts</p> <p>B.6 Constructing Two-Way Tables</p> <p>B.7 Constructing Dotplots</p> <p>B.8 Constructing Stemplots and Split Stems</p> <p>B.9 Constructing Time-Series Plots</p> <p>B.10 Constructing Histograms</p> <p>B.11 Computing Medians, Means, Standard Deviations, and Other Measures</p> <p>B.12 Constructing Boxplots</p> <p>B.13 Computing Probabilities for a Normal Distribution</p> <p>B.14 Finding Values of a Variable for a Normal Distribution</p> <p>B.15 Constructing Scatterplots</p> <p>B.16 Computing Linear Correlation Coefficients and Coefficients of Determination</p> <p>B.17 Finding Linear Regression Equations</p> <p>B.18 Constructing Residual Plots for Linear Regression Models</p> <p><strong>C. Standard Normal Distribution</strong></p> <p> Table C-1</p>