<p style="margin:0px;">Preface</p> <p style="margin:0px;">The Cover</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Acknowledgments</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Prologue</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">1. Signals and Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.1 Signals, Systems, Models, and Properties</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.1.1 System Properties</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.2 Linear, Time-Invariant Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.2.1 Impulse-Response Representation of LTI Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.2.2 Eigenfunction and Transform Representation of LTI Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.2.3 Fourier Transforms</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.3 Deterministic Signals and Their Fourier Transforms</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.3.1 Signal Classes and Their Fourier Transforms</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.3.2 Parseval’s Identity, Energy Spectral Density, and Deterministic Autocorrelation</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.4 Bilateral Laplace and Z-Transforms</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.4.1 The Bilateral z-Transform</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.4.2 The Bilateral Laplace Transform</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.5 Discrete-Time Processing of Continuous-Time Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.5.1 Basic Structure for DT Processing of CT Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.5.2 DT Filtering and Overall CT Response</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 1.5.3 Nonideal D/C Converters</p> <p style="margin:0px;">1.6 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">2. Amplitude, Phase, and Group Delay</p> <p style="margin:0px;">2.1 Fourier Transform Magnitude and Phase</p> <p style="margin:0px;">2.2 Group Delay and the Effect of Nonlinear Phase</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 2.2.1 Narrowband Input Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 2.2.2 Broadband Input Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;">2.3 All-Pass and Minimum-Phase Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 2.3.1 All-Pass Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 2.3.2 Minimum-Phase Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 2.3.3 The Group Delay of Minimum-Phase Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;">2.4 Spectral Factorization</p> <p style="margin:0px;">2.5 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">3. Pulse-Amplitude Modulation</p> <p style="margin:0px;">3.1 Baseband Pulse-Amplitude Modulation</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.1.1 The Transmitted Signal</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.1.2 The Received Signal</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.1.3 Frequency-Domain Characterizations</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.1.4 Intersymbol Interference at the Receiver</p> <p style="margin:0px;">3.2 Nyquist Pulses</p> <p style="margin:0px;">3.3 Passband Pulse-Amplitude Modulation</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.3.1 Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK)</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.3.2 Phase-Shift Keying (PSK)</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 3.3.3 Quadrature-Amplitude Modulation (QAM)</p> <p style="margin:0px;">3.4 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">4. State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.1 System Memory</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.2 Illustrative Examples</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.3 State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 4.3.1 DT State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 4.3.2 CT State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 4.3.3 Defining Properties of State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.4 State-Space Models from LTI Input-Output Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.5 Equilibria and Linearization of Nonlinear State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 4.5.1 Equilibrium</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 4.5.2 Linearization</p> <p style="margin:0px;">4.6 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">5. LTI State-Space Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">5.1 Continuous-Time and Discrete-Time LTI Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">5.2 Zero-Input Response and Modal Representation</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.2.1 Undriven CT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.2.2 Undriven DT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.2.3 Asymptotic Stability of LTI Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;">5.3 General Response in Modal Coordinates</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.3.1 Driven CT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.3.2 Driven DT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.3.3 Similarity Transformations and Diagonalization</p> <p style="margin:0px;">5.4 Transfer Functions, Hidden Modes, Reachability, and Observability</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.4.1 Input-State-Output Structure of CT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 5.4.2 Input-State-Output Structure of DT Systems</p> <p style="margin:0px;">5.5 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">6. State Observers and State Feedback</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.1 Plant and Model</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.2 State Estimation and Observers</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 6.2.1 Real-Time Simulation</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 6.2.2 The State Observer</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 6.2.3 Observer Design</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.3 State Feedback Control</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.3.1 Open-Loop Control</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 6.3.2 Closed-Loop Control via LTI State Feedback</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 6.3.3 LTI State Feedback Design</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.4 Observer-Based Feedback Control</p> <p style="margin:0px;">6.5 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">7. Probabilistic Models</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.1 The Basic Probability Model</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.2 Conditional Probability, Bayes’ Rule, and Independence</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.3 Random Variables</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.4 Probability Distributions</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.5 Jointly Distributed Random Variables</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.6 Expectations, Moments, and Variance</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.7 Correlation and Covariance for Bivariate Random Variables</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.8 A Vector-Space Interpretation of Correlation Properties</p> <p style="margin:0px;">7.9 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">8. Estimation</p> <p style="margin:0px;">8.1 Estimation of a Continuous Random Variable</p> <p style="margin:0px;">8.2 From Estimates to the Estimator</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 8.2.1 Orthogonality</p> <p style="margin:0px;">8.3 Linear Minimum Mean Square Error Estimation</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 8.3.1 Linear Estimation of One Random Variable from a Single Measurement of Another</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 8.3.2 Multiple Measurements</p> <p style="margin:0px;">8.4 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">9. Hypothesis Testing</p> <p style="margin:0px;">9.1 Binary Pulse-Amplitude Modulation in Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;">9.2 Hypothesis Testing with Minimum Error Probability</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.2.1 Deciding with Minimum Conditional Probability of Error</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.2.2 MAP Decision Rule for Minimum Overall Probability of Error</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.2.3 Hypothesis Testing in Coded Digital Communication</p> <p style="margin:0px;">9.3 Binary Hypothesis Testing</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.3.1 False Alarm, Miss, and Detection</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.3.2 The Likelihood Ratio Test</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 9.3.3 Neyman-Pearson Decision Rule and Receiver Operating Characteristic</p> <p style="margin:0px;">9.4 Minimum Risk Decisions</p> <p style="margin:0px;">9.5 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">10. Random Processes</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.1 Definition and Examples of a Random Process</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.2 First- and Second-Moment Characterization of Random Processes</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.3 Stationarity</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 10.3.1 Strict-Sense Stationarity</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 10.3.2 Wide-Sense Stationarity</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 10.3.3 Some Properties of WSS Correlation and Covariance Functions</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.4 Ergodicity</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.5 Linear Estimation of Random Processes</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 10.5.1 Linear Prediction</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 10.5.2 Linear FIR Filtering</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.6 LTI Filtering of WSS Processes</p> <p style="margin:0px;">10.7 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">11. Power Spectral Density</p> <p style="margin:0px;">11.1 Spectral Distribution of Expected Instantaneous Power</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.1.1 Power Spectral Density</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.1.2 Fluctuation Spectral Density</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.1.3 Cross-Spectral Density</p> <p style="margin:0px;">11.2 Expected Time-Averaged Power Spectrum and the Einstein-Wiener-Khinchin Theorem</p> <p style="margin:0px;">11.3 Applications</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.3.1 Revealing Cyclic Components</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.3.2 Modeling Filters</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.3.3 Whitening Filters</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 11.3.4 Sampling Bandlimited Random Processes</p> <p style="margin:0px;">11.4 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">12. Signal Estimation</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.1 LMMSE Estimation for Random Variables</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.2 FIR Wiener Filters</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.3 The Unconstrained DT Wiener Filter</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.4 Causal DT Wiener Filtering</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.5 Optimal Observers and Kalman Filtering</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 12.5.1 Causal Wiener Filtering of a Signal Corrupted by Additive Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 12.5.2 Observer Implementation of the Wiener Filter</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 12.5.3 Optimal State Estimates and Kalman Filtering</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.6 Estimation of CT Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;">12.7 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">13. Signal Detection</p> <p style="margin:0px;">13.1 Hypothesis Testing with Multiple Measurements</p> <p style="margin:0px;">13.2 Detecting a Known Signal in I.I.D. Gaussian Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.2.1 The Optimal Solution</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.2.2 Characterizing Performance</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.2.3 Matched Filtering</p> <p style="margin:0px;">13.3 Extensions of Matched-Filter Detection</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.1 Infinite-Duration, Finite-Energy Signals</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.2 Maximizing SNR for Signal Detection in White Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.3 Detection in Colored Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.4 Continuous-Time Matched Filters</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.5 Matched Filtering and Nyquist Pulse Design</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> 13.3.6 Unknown Arrival Time and Pulse Compression</p> <p style="margin:0px;">13.4 Signal Discrimination in I.I.D. Gaussian Noise</p> <p style="margin:0px;">13.5 Further Reading</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Basic Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Advanced Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> Extension Problems</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;">Bibliography</p> <p style="margin:0px;">Index</p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p> <p style="margin:0px;"> </p>