Encyclopedia of Caves

<p>A: Adaptation to low food; Adaptations: Low oxygen; Adaptation to darkness; Adaptations: Behavioral;Adaptation: Morphological; Adaptation and natural selection in caves; Adaptive shifts; Anchihaline (Anchialine) caves and fauna; Ancient cavers in Eastern North America; Art in European caves; Asellus aquaticus: A model system for historical biogeography; Astyanax mexicanus: A vertebrate model for evolution, adaptation, and development in caves</p> <p>B: Bats; Beetles; Biodiversity patterns in Australia; Biodiversity: China; Biodiversity in Europe; Biodiversity in the United States and Canada; Biodiversity in South America; Breakdown; Burnsville Cove, Virginia</p> <p>C: Camps; Castleguard Cave, Canada; Cave dwellers in Southwest Asia; Cave ecosystems; Cavefishes; Cavefish of China; Definition of cave; Caver communities and organizations: Cultural and historical considerations; Chemolithoautotrophy; Clastic sediments in caves; Closed depressions in karst areas; Coastal caves; Collembola; Contamination of cave waters by heavy metals; Contamination of cave waters by nonaqueous-phase liquids; Crustacea; Dating cave sediments with cosmogenic nuclides</p> <p>D: Dating cave sediments with cosmogenic nuclides; Dinaric karst—Geography and geology; Biodiversity in the tropics; Documentation and databases</p> <p>E: Ecological and evolutionary classifications of subterranean organisms; Entrances;<br>Environmental DNA as a conservation tool; Epikarst; Epikarst communities; Exploration of caves—General; Exploration of caves: Underwater exploration; Exploration of caves—Vertical caving techniques</p> <p>F: Folklore, myth, and legend, caves in; Food sources; The Frasassi Caves, Italy; Friars Hole System</p> <p>G: Gammarus minus: A model system for the study of adaptation to the cave environment; Geophysics for locating karst and caves; Glacier caves; Guano communities; Gypsum caves; Gypsum flowers and related speleothems</p> <p>H: Hang Son Doong and other caves of the Phong Nha-Kẻ Ba`ng karst, Quảng Bı`nh Province, Vietnam; Helictites and related speleothems; History: Caves and other underground spaces in medieval Britain and Ireland; Huautla cave system (Sistema Huautla), Mexico; Hydrogeology of Karst aquifers; Hydrothermal caves</p> <p>I: Ice in caves; Iron formation caves: Genesis and ecology; Isotopes in karst waters and cave sediments</p> <p>J: Jewel cave, South Dakota</p> <p>K: Karren, cave; Karren, surface; Karst; Kazumura Cave, Hawaii; Krubera (Voronja) cave</p> <p>L: Lampenflora; Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico; Life histories</p> <p>M: Magnetism of cave sediments; Mammals and birds—vertebrate visitors; Mammoth Cave System, Kentucky; Mapping subterranean biodiversity; Maya caves; Microbes; Minerals in caves; Modeling of karst aquifers; Modeling the evolution of karst<br>aquifers; Molluscs; Mulu caves, Malaysia; Myriapods</p> <p>N: Niphargus—A model system for evolution and ecology; Nitrate contamination in karst groundwater; Nullarbor Caves, Australia</p> <p>O: The Omega Cave System; Orthoptera</p> <p>P: Paleoclimate records from speleothems; Paleontology of caves; Passage growth and development; Postojna—Planina Cave System, Slovenia; Protecting cave life; Protecting caves; Pseudokarst</p> <p>Q: Quartzite and quartz sandstone caves of South America</p> <p>R: Recreational caving</p> <p>S: Salamanders; Saltpeter mining; Scallops; Shallow subterranean habitats; Show caves; Siebenhengste cave system, Switzerland; Sinkholes; Solution caves in regions of high-relief; Solution caves in regions of moderate relief; Species interactions; Speleogenesis—Hypogenе; Speleogenesis: Telogenetic; Speleothem deposition; Speleothems; Spiders and related groups; Springs; Stalactites and stalagmites; Submarine springs in coastal karst; Sulfuric acid caves; Surveying caves</p> <p>T: Tiankeng, Definition of; Time markers in landscape evolution,<br>caves as</p> <p>U: Ukraine giant gypsum caves; Underwater Caves of the Yucatan Peninsula; Uranium series dating of speleothems</p> <p>V: Vicariance and dispersal in caves; Vjetrenica Cave, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Volcanic rock caves</p> <p>W: Wakulla spring underwater cave system, Florida; Water chemistry in caves; Water tracing in karst aquifers; Wetlands in cave and karst regions; White-nose syndrome: A fungal disease of North American hibernating bats; Worms</p> <p>X: Xe Bang Fai Cave, Laos</p>