Advances in Clean Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing

<p>Contributor contact details</p> <p>Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy</p> <p>Part I: Overview and assessment of hydrocarbon fuel conversion processes</p> <p>Chapter 1: Characterization and preparation of biomass, oil shale and coal-based feedstocks</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>1.1 Introduction</p> <p>1.2 Types and properties of feedstock</p> <p>1.3 Coal feedstock characterization and requirements</p> <p>1.4 Coal cleaning and preparation techniques</p> <p>1.5 Coal slurry fuels</p> <p>1.6 Future trends</p> <p>1.7 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 2: Production, properties and environmental impact of hydrocarbon fuel conversion</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>2.1 Introduction</p> <p>2.2 Production of hydrocarbon fuels</p> <p>2.3 Properties of hydrocarbon fuels</p> <p>2.4 Use and energy efficiency</p> <p>2.5 Environmental impact</p> <p>2.6 Toxicity hazards</p> <p>2.7 Future trends in fuels production and properties</p> <p>Chapter 3: Life cycle assessment (LCA) of alternative hydrocarbon fuel conversion</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>3.1 Introduction</p> <p>3.2 Life cycle assessment: environmental, energetic and techno-economic issues</p> <p>3.3 Life cycle assessment of fuel conversion routes and alternative feedstock utilisation</p> <p>3.4 Conclusions and future trends</p> <p>3.5 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Part II: Solid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology</p> <p>Chapter 4: Direct liquefaction (DCL) processes and technology for coal and biomass conversion</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>4.1 Introduction</p> <p>4.2 Feedstocks for direct liquefaction</p> <p>4.3 Basics of coal and biomass/lignin reaction chemistry</p> <p>4.4 Process variables: coal rank, solvent, catalyst, temperature, pressure and residence time in direct liquefaction (DCL)</p> <p>4.5 Known process technologies</p> <p>4.6 Product output and quality issues</p> <p>4.7 Process control and modeling techniques</p> <p>4.8 Advantages and limitations</p> <p>4.9 Future trends in direct coal liquefaction</p> <p>4.10 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 5: Gasification process technology</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>5.1 Introduction</p> <p>5.2 Gasification in the refinery environment</p> <p>5.3 Basic principles</p> <p>5.4 Building blocks for complete systems</p> <p>5.5 Hydrogen and power plant as an example for a complete system</p> <p>5.6 Advantages and limitations</p> <p>5.7 Future trends</p> <p>5.8 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 6: Pyrolysis processes and technology for the conversion of hydrocarbons and biomass</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>6.1 Introduction</p> <p>6.2 Applicable feedstocks</p> <p>6.3 Process technology</p> <p>6.4 Basic reactions</p> <p>6.5 Thermodynamics/reaction kinetics</p> <p>6.6 Catalyst and solvent utilization</p> <p>6.7 Conclusion and future trends</p> <p>Chapter 7: Biomass catalysis in conventional refineries</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>7.1 Introduction</p> <p>7.2 Biomass feedstock: availability and diversity</p> <p>7.3 Catalytic cracking of biomass feedstock</p> <p>7.4 Hydrotreating of biomass feedstock</p> <p>7.5 Production of conventional liquid fuels from sugars</p> <p>7.6 Future trends</p> <p>Part III: Liquid hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology</p> <p>Chapter 8: Sulfur removal from heavy and light petroleum hydrocarbon by selective oxidation</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>8.1 Introduction</p> <p>8.2 Background</p> <p>8.3 Oxidative desulfurization chemistry</p> <p>8.4 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 9: Partial oxidation (POX) processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical production</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>9.1 Introduction</p> <p>9.2 Process technology and methods of partial oxidation (POX)</p> <p>9.3 Basic partial oxidation reactions</p> <p>9.4 Catalysts utilized</p> <p>9.5 Process control and modelling techniques</p> <p>9.6 Advantages, limitations and optimization</p> <p>9.7 Future trends</p> <p>Chapter 10: Hydroconversion processes and technology for clean fuel and chemical production</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>10.1 Introduction to petroleum refining</p> <p>10.2 Environmental protection</p> <p>10.3 Hydroconversion overview</p> <p>10.4 Economics of hydroconversion</p> <p>10.5 Chemistry of hydroconversion</p> <p>10.6 Supported-metal hydroconversion catalyst</p> <p>10.7 Commercial hydroconversion units</p> <p>10.8 Future trends in hydroconversion</p> <p>Part IV: Gaseous hydrocarbon fuel processing and technology</p> <p>Chapter 11: Middle distillate fuel production from synthesis gas via the Fischer–Tropsch process</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>11.1 Introduction</p> <p>11.2 Process technology</p> <p>11.3 Basic principles of the reaction process</p> <p>11.4 Catalyst utilisation</p> <p>11.5 Product upgrading and quality issues</p> <p>11.6 Process modelling and control</p> <p>11.7 Advantages, limitations and optimisation for synthetic middle distillate fuels</p> <p>11.8 Future trends</p> <p>11.9 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 12: Methanol and dimethyl ether (DME) production from synthesis gas</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>12.1 Introduction</p> <p>12.2 Process technology and new innovations</p> <p>12.3 Basic principles of methanol synthesis</p> <p>12.4 Catalysts</p> <p>12.5 Product quality</p> <p>12.6 Estimation of production costs</p> <p>12.7 Future trends</p> <p>12.8 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 13: Advances in water-gas shift technology: modern catalysts and improved reactor concepts</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>13.1 Introduction</p> <p>13.2 Modern reactor concepts</p> <p>13.3 Advanced catalytic systems</p> <p>13.4 Conclusions and future trends</p> <p>Chapter 14: Natural gas hydrate conversion processes</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>14.1 Introduction</p> <p>14.2 Factors important for hydrate conversion</p> <p>14.3 Resource potential</p> <p>14.4 Conversion processes</p> <p>14.5 Advantages, limitations and optimization</p> <p>14.6 Future trends</p> <p>14.7 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Part V: Operational issues and process improvement in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant</p> <p>Chapter 15: Environmental degradation in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant: issues and mitigation</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>15.1 Introduction</p> <p>15.2 Types of degradation and their main locations</p> <p>15.3 Protection and mitigation technologies</p> <p>15.4 Plant management techniques</p> <p>15.5 Future trends</p> <p>15.6 Sources of further information and advice</p> <p>Chapter 16: Automation technology in hydrocarbon fuel processing plant</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>16.1 Introduction</p> <p>16.2 Automation technology survey: from exploration to processing</p> <p>16.3 Fundamentals of process control</p> <p>16.4 Control design</p> <p>16.5 Future trends in automation technology</p> <p>16.6 Working towards a broader integration of control and operation</p> <p>16.7 Conclusions</p> <p>Chapter 17: Advanced process control for clean fuel production: smart plant of the future</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>17.1 Introduction</p> <p>17.2 Incentives for smart process control technologies</p> <p>17.3 Smart instrumentation of the future</p> <p>17.4 Advanced process control (APC) and optimization solutions</p> <p>17.5 Model predictive control technology (MPC)</p> <p>17.6 Real-time optimization (RTO) technology</p> <p>17.7 Control performance monitoring (CPM)</p> <p>17.8 Driving future innovation, sustainability and performance in process control technologies</p> <p>Chapter 18: Process modeling for hydrocarbon fuel conversion</p> <p>Abstract:</p> <p>18.1 Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling techniques</p> <p>18.4 Chemical kinetic modeling</p> <p>Index</p>