Assumptions of Grand Logics

One. Introduction.- I. Logic as an Approach to Philosophy.- 1. Logic as a Subdomain.- 2. Logic and Mathematics.- 3. Logic and Metaphysics.- 4. Modal Logics.- 5. From Logic to Philosophy.- Two. Assumptions of Classical Logics.- II. Of Aristotle’s Logic: The Organon.- 1. The Logical Assumptions.- 2. The Probative Approach.- 3. The Theory of the Ideas.- 4. The Fundamental Categories.- 5. Epistemological Considerations.- 6. Summary.- III. Of Frege’s Logic I: The Ideography.- 1. The Question of a Starting Point.- 2. The Metaphysical Assumptions.- 3. The Basic Categories.- 4. Recapitulation.- 5. Further Distinctions.- 6. Sample Criticisms.- IV. Of Frege’s Logic II: The Foundations of Arithmetic.- 1. Frege on His Predecessors.- 2. Frege on the Status of Number.- V. Frege’s Logic III: The Basic Laws of Arithmetic.- VI. Of Whitehead’s and Russell’s Principia Mathematica.- 1. The Problem of a Starting Point.- 2. Propositions.- 3. Classes.- 4. Relations.- Summary.- Three. Assumptions of Modern Logics.- VII. Of Symbolic Logic.- 1. The Derivation of Logic from Matter.- 2. Some Assumptions of the Prepositional Calculus.- 3. Some Assumptions of the Calculus of Classes.- 4. Some Assumptions of the Calculus of Relations.- 5. The Extension of Logic to Formal Systems.- VIII. Of Operational Logic.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Logical Assumptions.- 3. The Construction of Proofs.- 4. Individuals and Classes.- 5. Metaphysical Assumptions.- IX. Of Modal Logics.- 1. Some Historic Contributions to Modal Logic.- 2. The Derivation of the Modal Categories.- 3. Assumptions of the Modal Categories.- X. Professor Quine and Real Classes.- XI. Of the Nature of Reference.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Words and Objects.- 3. Ordinary Language.- 4. The Spectrum of Reference.- 5. Meaning and Reference.- XII. The Discovery Theory in Mathematics.- Summary.- Four. New Supplementary Logics.- XIII. Toward a Concrete Logic: Discreta.- 1. The Division in Logic.- 2. The Logic of Concrete Existence.- 3. The Logic of Organization: Discreta.- i. Statics.- ii. Dynamics.- iii. The Direction of Structure and Function.- XIV. Toward a Concrete Logic: Continua and Disorder.- 1. The Logic of Events: Continua.- 2. The Logic of Events: Tense Logic.- 3. Broken Logic: Disorder.- i. Order and Disorder.- ii. Entropy and Evolution.- iii. Probability and Chance.- iv. Disorder Defined.- 4. The Need for a Logic of Symmetry.- XV. Varieties of Concrete Logic.- 1. The Quality Continuum.- i. Introduction.- ii. Qualities.- iii. The Quality of Force.- iv. Values.- 2. The Logic of Social Events.- 3. The Logic of Fiction.- 4. Psychological Truth — and Falsehood.