Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere

Chemistry and Physics of the Stratosphere and Mesosphere

Specificaties
Paperback, blz. | Engels
Springer Netherlands | 0e druk, 2011
ISBN13: 9789400964037
Rubricering
Springer Netherlands 0e druk, 2011 9789400964037
Onderdeel van serie Atmospheric Sciences Library
Verwachte levertijd ongeveer 9 werkdagen

Samenvatting

The reader may be surprised to learn that the word "aeronomy" is not found in many of the standard dictionaries of the English language (for exam­ ple. Webster's International dictionary). Yet the term would appear to exist, as evidenced by the affiliations of the two authors of this volume (Institut d'Aeronomie, Brussels, Belgium; Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO, USA). Perhaps part of this obscu­ rity arises because aeronomy is a relatively new and evolving field of endeavor, with a history dating back no farther than about 1940. The Chambers dic­ tionary of science and technology provides the following definition: "aeronomy (Meteor. ). The branch of science dealing with the atmosphere of the Earth and the other planets with reference to their chemical com­ position, physical properties, relative motion,

Specificaties

ISBN13:9789400964037
Taal:Engels
Bindwijze:paperback
Uitgever:Springer Netherlands
Druk:0

Inhoudsopgave

1. The Middle Atmosphere and Its Evolution.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere.- 1.3 Possible perturbations.- References.- 2. Chemical Concepts in the Atmosphere.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 Thermodynamic considerations.- 2.3 Elementary chemical kinetics.- 2.4 Term symbols and their use.- 2.5 Photolysis processes.- 2.6 Excited species in the middle atmosphere.- References and bibliography.- 3. Structure and Dynamics.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Vertical structure and some observed dynamical characteristics.- 3.3 Fundamental description of atmospheric dynamics.- 3.4 Effects of dynamics on chemical species.- 3.5 General circulation models.- 3.6 Dynamics of the stratosphere in two dimensions: a conceptual view.- 3.7 The importance of wave transience and dissipation.- 3.8 One-dimensional representations of the atmosphere.- References.- 4. Radiation.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere.- 4.3 Attenuation of solar radiation in the atmosphere.- 4.4 Radiative transfer.- 4.5 Thermal effects of radiation.- 4.6 Photochemical effects of radiation.- References.- 5. Composition and Chemistry.- 5.1 General.- 5.2 Oxygen compounds.- 5.3 Carbon compounds.- 5.4 Hydrogen compounds.- 5.5 Nitrogen compounds.- 5.6 Chlorine compounds.- 5.7 Other halogens.- 5.8 Sulfur compounds and formation of aerosol.- 5.9 Generalized ozone balance.- References.- 6. The Ions.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Formation of ions in the middle atmosphere.- 6.3 Positive ion chemistry.- 6.4 Negative ion chemistry.- 6.5 Effect of ionic processes on neutral constituents.- 6.6 Radio waves in the lower ionosphere.- References.- 7. Possible Perturbations and Atmospheric Responses.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 The importance of coupling in the study of perturbations.- 7.3 The effectof changes in the solar irradiance.- 7.4 Particle precipitation.- 7.5 Volcanic emissions.- 7.6 Anthropogenic emissions.- References.- Appendix A. Numerical values of physical constants and other data.- Appendix B. Conversion factors.

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        Aeronomy of the Middle Atmosphere