Aerodynamic Theory

Division F The Theory of Single Burbling.- Editor’s Preface.- 1. The Discontinuous Potential.- 2. Calculation of the Air Forces for Single Burbling.- 3. The Lift Force.- 4. The Form Drag.- 5. Determination of Moment and Center of Pressure.- 6. The General Case of Plane Motion.- 7. Influence of the Finite Span of the Wing.- Division G The Mechanics of Viscous Fluids.- Editor’s Preface.- 1. Viscosity.- 2. The Poiseuille Flow.- 3. General Theory of Stress.- 4. Equilibrium of Non-homogeneous States of Stress.- 5. Theory of Deformation.- 6. Stokes’ Theorem for Stresses.- 7. Reynolds’ Laws of Similitude.- 8. Dimensional Analysis Applied to the Problem.- 9. Properties of the Navier-Stokes’ Differential Equations.- 10. Some Examples of Exact Solutions.- 11. Theory of Very Slow Motions.- 12. Oseen’s Improvement of the Preceding Theory.- 13. Boundary Layers.- 14. The Flat Plate.- 15. Calculation of the Boundary Layer of the Steady Flow Around Cylinders. Separation of Flow from the Wall.- 16. Development of the Boundary Layer with Time.- 17. Theorem of Momentum and Kármán’s Approximate Theory.- 18. Prevention of the Separation Effect.- 19. The Facts about Turbulent Flow.- 20. Older Theories of Turbulence.- 21. Newer Theory. Mixing Length and Velocity Distribution.- 22. The Laws of Surface Friction from Experiments on Flows in Tubes. Resistance Formulas. Effect of Roughness.- 23. Turbulent Flow Along a Wall with Special Reference to the Frictional Resistance of Plates.- 24. Turbulent Friction Layers in Accelerated and Retarded Flows.- 25. Spread of Turbulence.- Appendix to 25.- 26. The Development of Turbulence.- 27. The Drag on Bodies Moving Through Fluids.- 28. The Drag in Non-Perfect Fluids.- 29. Experimental Methods for the Determination of Resistance.- Division H The Mechanics of Compressible Fluids.- Editor’s Preface.- I. The Propagation of Plane Disturbances.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Propagation of Small Plane Disturbances.- 3. Dynamic Similarity.- 4. Propagation of Large Disturbances and Shock Waves.- 5. Propagation of Discontinuities.- 6. Conditions Within a Shock Wave.- II. Steady Flow through Channels.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Bernoulli’s Equation.- 3. Flow Through a Channel of Varying Cross-Section.- 4. Velocity at Minimum Section.- 5. Design of High Speed Wind Tunnels.- III. Two-Dimensional Flow at Speeds Less than that of Sound.- 1. Differential Equation for Irrotational Motion.- 2. The Flow Past a Circular Cylinder.- 3. Prandtl and Glauert’s Approximation to the Lift of an Airfoil.- IV. Two-Dimensional Flow at Supersonic Speeds.- 1. The Motion Past Thin Airfoils.- 2. Oblique Shock Waves.- 3. Pressure in a Pitot-Tube or at the Nose of a Projectile.- 4. The Flow Past a Wedge and a Cone at Supersonic Speeds.- 5. The Two-Dimensional Flow Around a Corner.- 6. Two-Dimensional Flow Past a Curved Surface.- Division I Experimental Methods—Wind Tunnels.- Editor’s Preface.- 1.- I. Classification of Methods—Use of Natural Winds.- 1. Classification of Experimental Methods Used in Aerodynamic Research.- 2. Methods in which the Object is Stationary and the Fluid in Motion. (Methods Utilizing Natural Movements of the Air.).- References.- II. Methods Using an Artificial Air Flow—Classification of wind Tunnels, Description, Energy Losses.- 1. Methods Using Artificial Fluid Currents.- 2. Classification of Wind Tunnels.- 3. Coefficient of Utilization—Efficiency—Losses.- 4. Degree of Turbulence of Wind Tunnels.- 5. Wind Tunnels with the Experimental Section Downstream from the Fan.- 6. Wind Tunnels with the Experimental Section Upstream from the Fan.- 7. Wind Tunnels of the Eiffel Type.- 8. Evaluation of the Losses in a Tunnel with Experimental Section Upstream from the Fan.- 9. Wind Tunnels with Continuous Closed Circuit.- III. Influence of the Dimensions of the Air Stream.- 1. General Considerations.- 2. Wind Tunnels with Circular Section—Lifting Systems, Monoplane or Multicellular.- Note to Section 2.- 3. Wind Tunnel with Square or Rectangular Section-Constrained Air Stream.- 4. Tunnel with Rectangular Section with Two-Dimensional Flow.- 5. Body in Plane Flow of which the Wake is Composed of Alternate Vortices.- 6. Influence of Rigid Walls Limiting a Plane Constrained Flow on the Resistance of Cylinders with Sections Elongated in the Direction of the Flow.- 7. Influence of the Walls Limiting the Flow on the Drag of a Body of Revolution.- 2.- I. Scale Effect.- 1. Introductory.- 2. Fundamental Conceptions.- 3. Conditions for Flow Similarity.- 4. Scale Effect on Certain Bodies—Flat Plates.- II. The Variable Density Tunnel.- 1. General Description.- 2. Special Problems.- 3. Advantages of a Variable Density Wind Tunnel.- III Experimental Methods for the Investigation of Aerodynamic Phenomena at High Speeds.- 1. Introductory.- 2. Early Experiments.- 3. High Speed Tunnel of the U.S. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics.- 4. Description of balance.- 5. Dynamic-Pressure and Velocity Determination.- 6. Presentation of Data.