1 Introduction.- 2 Material and Methods.- 3 Results.- 3.1 Normal Cyoarchitecture and Myeloarchitecture of the Trigeminal Nuclear Complex.- 3.1.1 The Motor Trigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.2 The Principal Sensory Trigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.3 The Intertrigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.4 The Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus and Tract.- 3.1.4.1 Oral Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.4.2 Interpolar Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.4.3 Caudal Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus.- 3.1.4.4 The Spinal Trigeminal Tract, Its Interstitial Cells, and Cell Groups Lateral to It.- 3.1.5 The Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus and Tract.- 3.1.6 Other Fiber Systems Associated with the Trigeminal Nuclear Complex.- 3.1.7 Nucleus Ovalis.- 3.2 Neuropathologic Cases.- 3.2.1 H 5151 Trigeminal System Lesion.- 3.2.2 H 5554 Trigeminal System Lesion and C1-C2 Rhizotomy.- 3.2.3 H 5017 Subtotal Motor Trigeminal Lesion.- 3.2.4 H 5517 Wallenbergs Syndrome.- 3.2.5 H 5797 Degeneration of the Trigeminal Nerve and Solitary Tract.- 3.2.6 H 5579 Wallenbergs Syndrome with Central Tegmental Tract and Pyramidal Tract Degeneration.- 3.2.7 H 6368 Partial lesion of the Trigeminal Nerve.- 3.2.8 H 6086 Corticofugal Fiber Degeneration.- 3.2.9 H 5671 Corticofugal, Striatal and Pallidal Degeneration.- 4 Discussion.- 4.1 Normal Structure of the Trigeminal Nuclei.- 4.1.1 Motor Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.1.2 The Principal Sensory Nucleus.- 4.1.3 Supratrigeminal and Intertrigeminal Nuclei.- 4.1.4 Nucleus of the Spinal Tract.- 4.1.5 Cell Groups Close to the Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.1.6 The Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.2 Discussion of the Trigeminal Pathways.- 4.2.1 Primary Afferents.- 4.2.1.1 Pain, Temperature and Tactile Receptors.- 4.2.1.2 Trigeminal Ganglion Neurons.- 4.2.1.3 Central Distribution of Trigeminal Primary Afferents.- 4.2.1.4 Extratrigeminal Primary Afferents.- 4.2.2 Other Afferent Connections.- 4.2.3 Efferent Connections of the Principal and Spinal Trigeminal Nuclei.- 4.2.3.1 Trigeminothalamocortical Connection.- 4.2.3.2 Other Efferent Connections.- 4.2.4 Connections of the Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.2.4.1 Primary Afferents.- 4.2.4.2 Other Afferent Connections.- 4.2.4.3 Central Connections of the Mesencephalic Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.2.5 Connections of the Motor Trigeminal Nucleus.- 4.2.5.1 Afferent Connections.- 4.2.5.2 Efferent connections.- 5 Summary.- 5.1 Normal Structure of the Trigeminal Nuclei.- 5.2 Trigeminal Pathways.- Acknowledgements.- References.
