Atmospheric and Space Sciences: Ionospheres and Plasma Environments

<p>1 Introduction to Plasmas               </p> <p>1.1 What is plasma?                     </p> <p>1.2 A Brief History of Space Plasma Research</p> <p>1.3 Plasma Parameters and Characteristics</p> <p>1.4 Electromagnetic Fields                   </p> <p>1.5 A Preview of Maxwell Equations in Vacuum          </p> <p>1.6 Single particle motion</p> <p>1.6.1 Uniform B field and zero electric field</p> <p>1.6.2 Uniform electric and magnetic field</p> <p>1.6.3 Nonuniform magnetic field              </p> <p>1.7 Concept of phase space – Collection of particles</p> <p>1.8 Collisions      </p> <p>1</p>.9 Adiabatic Invariants                   &n<p></p>bsp;<p></p> <p>1.10 Waves in Plasmas                     </p> <p> </p> <p>2 Transport Processes                      </p> <p>2.1 Introduction </p> <p>2.2 Boltzmann equation                  </p> <p>2.3 Moments of distribution functions</p> <p>2.4 Maxwellian distribution</p> <p>2.5 Physical properties of transport equations           </p> <p>2.6 Transport in a weakly ionized plasma             </p> <p>2.7 Transport in a partially and fully </p>ionized plasma<p></p> <p>2.8 Ion diffusion</p> <p>2.9 Electric conductivities</p> <p>2.10 Diffusion-Convection</p> <p> </p> 3 Magnetohydrodynamics                    <p></p> <p>3.1 Introduction to MHD</p> <p>3.2 Partial and Convective Derivatives              </p> <p>3.3 Stress Tensor                       </p> <p>3.4 Navier-Stokes Equations                  </p> <p>3.5 Momentum Trans</p><p></p><p></p><p></p>port <p></p> <p>3.6 Continuity                        </p> <p>3.7 Equation of State </p> <p>3.8 Basic M</p>HD Equations  &n<p></p>bsp;                <p></p> <p>3.9 Two Fluid Approximation  </p> <p>3.10 Magnetic Pressure and Tension  </p> <p>3.11 Deformation and Dissipation of Fields </p> <p>3.12 MHD Dynamo  </p> <p>3.13 Plasma Waves </p> <p> </p> <p>4 Planetary Ionospheres and Magnetospheres  </p> <p>4.1 Introduction</p> <p>4.2 The Terrestrial Magnetic Field                </p> <p>4.3 Magnetic Coordinates</p> <p>4.4 Magnetic Disturbances                   </p> <p>4.5 Ionization Processes                    </p> <p>4.6 Chapman Layers</p> <p>4.7 Space Weather</p> <p> </p> <p>5 Dynamics of the Atmosphere-Ion</p>osphere System         <p></p> <p>5.1 Introduction</p> <p>5.2 Modeling the dynamics of the Upper Atmosphere and Ionosphere </p> <p>5.3 Variability in Geospace Environment             </p> <p>5.4 Meteorological Influences on the Upper Atmosphere</p><p></p> <p>5.5 Thermospheric Vertical Winds and Coupling to the Ionosphere-Magnetosphere                </p>; <p></p> <p>5.6 Geomagnetic Storms                    </p> 5.7 Space Weather Effects