Felix Bärlocher,
Mark O. Gessner,
Manuel A.S. Graça
Springer International Publishing
2e druk, 2021
9783030305178
Methods to Study Litter Decomposition
A Practical Guide
Specificaties
Paperback, blz.
|
Engels
Springer International Publishing |
2e druk, 2021
ISBN13: 9783030305178
Rubricering
Verwachte levertijd ongeveer 8 werkdagen
Samenvatting
The primary objective of this book is to provide students and laboratory instructors at universities and professional ecologists with a broad range of established methods to study plant litter decomposition. Detailed protocols for direct use in the field or laboratory are presented in an easy to follow step-by-step format. A short introduction to each protocol reviews the ecological significance and principles of the technique and points to key references.
Specificaties
ISBN13:9783030305178
Taal:Engels
Bindwijze:paperback
Uitgever:Springer International Publishing
Druk:2
Inhoudsopgave
<div><p>Preface</p><p>Foreword</p><p>Part 1. Litter dynamics</p>
<p> </p>
<p>1. Litter Input (Arturo Elosegi & Jesús Pozo)</p>
<p>2. Leaf Retention (Arturo Elosegi)</p>
<p>3. Manipulating Litter Retention in Streams (Michael Dobson)</p>
<p>4. Coarse Benthic Organic Matter (Jesús Pozo & Arturo Elosegi)</p>
<p>5. Leaching (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>6. Leaf Mass Loss Estimated by the Litter-Bag Technique (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>7. Determining Litter Mass Loss by the Plant Tagging Approach (Kevin A. Kuehn & Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>8. Wood Decomposition (Arturo Elosegi, Maite Arroita & Libe Solagaistua)</p>
<p>9. Decomposition of Fine Particulate Organic Matter (Yoshimura Chihiro)</p>
10. Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Budgets (Jesús Pozo & Jon Molinero)<p></p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 2. Chemical and Physical Leaf Properties</p>
<p> </p>
<p>11. Total Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Carbon in Leaf Litter (Mogens R. Flindt, Ana I. Lillebø, Javier Pérez & Verónica Ferreira)</p>
<p>12. Total Protein (Mark O. Baerlocher)</p>
<p>13. Free Amino Acids (Shawn D. Mansfield & Mark O. Baerlocher)</p>
<p>14. Determination of Total Carbohydrates (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p>
<p>15. Determination of Soluble Carbohydrates (Letitia da Ros, Faride Unda, Shawn D. Mansfield) </p>
<p>16. Total Lipids (Mark O. Gessner & Paul T. M. Neumann)</p>
<p>17. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Decomposing Leaf Litter (Eric Von Elert)</p>
<p>18. Total Phenolics (Felix Bärlocher & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p>19. Radial Diffusion Assay for Tannins (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>20. Acid Butanol Assay to Determine Bulk Concentrations of Condensed Tannins (Mark O. Gessner & Daniel Steiner)</p>
<p>21. Lignin and Cellulose (Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>22. Physical Litter Properties: Leaf Toughness and Tensile Strength (Manuel A.S. Graça & Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 3. Microbial Decomposers</p>
<p> </p>
<p>23. Techniques for Handling Ingoldian Fungi (Enrique Descals)</p>
<p>24. Maintenance of Aquatic Hyphomycete Cultures (Ludmila Marvanová)</p>
<p>25. An Illustrated Key to the Common Temperate Species of Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Vladislav Gulis, Ludmila Marvanová & Enrique Descals)</p>
<p>26. Sporulation by Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>27. Ergosterol as a Measure of Fungal Biomass (Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>28. Fungal Growth Rates and Production (Keller Suberkropp, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p>
<p>29. Bacterial Abundance and Biomass Determination in Plant Litter by Epifluorescence Microscopy (Nanna Buesing & Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>30. Growth and Production of Litter-Associated Bacteria (Nanna Buesing, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p>
<p>31. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria (Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>32. ATP as a Measure of Microbial Biomass (Manuela Abelho)</p>
<p>33. Respiration of Litter-Associated Microbes and Invertebrates (Manuel A.S. Graça & Manuela Abelho) </p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 4. Molecular Microbial Community Analyses</p>
<p> </p>
<p>34. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>35. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
36. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to Estimate Molecular Fungal Abundance (Christiane Baschien & J. Steffen C. Carl)<p></p>
<p>37. Metabarcoding of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sofia Duarte, Christian Wurzbacher & Sahadevan Seena)</p>
<p>38. Identifying Active Members of Litter Fungal Communities by Precursor rRNA (Martina Štursová & Petr Baldrian)</p>
<p>39. Gene Expression Analysis of Litter-Associated Fungi Using RNA-Seq (Elizabeth C. Bourne, Paul R. Johnston, Elisabeth Funk & Michael T. Monaghan)</p>
<p>40. Metaproteomics of Litter-associated Fungi (Katharina M. Keiblinger & Katharina Riedel)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 5. Enzymatic Capabilities</p>
<p> </p>
<p>41. Extractellular Fungal Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p>
<p>42. Cellulases (Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p>43. Viscosimetric Determination of Endocellulase Activity (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>44. Fluorometric Determination of The Activity of β-Glucosidase and other Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>45. Pectin-degrading Enzymes: Polygalacturonase and Pectin Lyase (Keller Suberkropp)</p>
<p>46. Lignin-degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase (Björn Hendel, Robert L. Sinsabaugh & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>47. Phenol Oxidation (Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p>48. Proteinase Activity: Azocoll and Thin-layer Enzyme Assay (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 6. Litter Consumers</p>
<p> </p>
<p>49. Processing of Aquatic Invertebrates Colonizing Decomposing Litter (John S. Richardson)</p>
50. Identifying Stream Invertebrates as Plant Litter Consumers (Luz Boyero, Richard G. Pearson, Ricardo J. Albariño, Marcos Callisto, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Andrea C. Encalada, Marcelo Moretti, Alonso Ramírez, April Sparkman, Christopher M. Swan, Catherine M. Yule & Manuel A.S. Graça)<p></p>
<p>51. Shredder Feeding and Growth Rates (Manuel A.S. Graça & José M. González)</p>
<p>52. Feeding Preferences (Cristina Canhoto, Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>53. Energy Budget of Shredders (Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p>54. The Role of Shredders in Litter Dynamics at Stream Scale (José M. González & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 7. Litter Manipulations</p>
<p> </p>
<p>55. Manipulation of Leaf Litter Stoichiometry (Julio Arce-Funck, Vincent Felten, Michael Danger)</p>
<p>56. Isotopic Labelling of Leaf-litter Nitrogen (Bernd Zeller, Severine Bienaimé & Etienne Dambrine)</p>
<p>57. Decomposition and Consumption Tablets (DECOTABSs) (Gea H. van Der Lee, Ellard R. Hunting, J. Arie Vonk & Michiel H.S. Kraak)</p>
<p>58. Inoculation of Leaf Litter with Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Eric Chauvet)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 8. Data Analyses</p>
<p></p>
<p>59. A Primer for Statistical Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>60. Determining Temperature-normalized Decomposition Rates (Mark O. Gessner & Frank Peeters)</p>
<p>61. Biodiversity Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>62. A Bioinformatics Primer for the Analysis of Illumina MiSeq Data of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sahadevan Seena, Sofia Duarte & Christian Wurzbacher)</p>
63. A Primer for Meta-Analysis (Verónica Ferreira & Felix Bärlocher)<p></p><br></div>
<p> </p>
<p>1. Litter Input (Arturo Elosegi & Jesús Pozo)</p>
<p>2. Leaf Retention (Arturo Elosegi)</p>
<p>3. Manipulating Litter Retention in Streams (Michael Dobson)</p>
<p>4. Coarse Benthic Organic Matter (Jesús Pozo & Arturo Elosegi)</p>
<p>5. Leaching (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>6. Leaf Mass Loss Estimated by the Litter-Bag Technique (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>7. Determining Litter Mass Loss by the Plant Tagging Approach (Kevin A. Kuehn & Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>8. Wood Decomposition (Arturo Elosegi, Maite Arroita & Libe Solagaistua)</p>
<p>9. Decomposition of Fine Particulate Organic Matter (Yoshimura Chihiro)</p>
10. Coarse Particulate Organic Matter Budgets (Jesús Pozo & Jon Molinero)<p></p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 2. Chemical and Physical Leaf Properties</p>
<p> </p>
<p>11. Total Phosphorus, Nitrogen, and Carbon in Leaf Litter (Mogens R. Flindt, Ana I. Lillebø, Javier Pérez & Verónica Ferreira)</p>
<p>12. Total Protein (Mark O. Baerlocher)</p>
<p>13. Free Amino Acids (Shawn D. Mansfield & Mark O. Baerlocher)</p>
<p>14. Determination of Total Carbohydrates (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p>
<p>15. Determination of Soluble Carbohydrates (Letitia da Ros, Faride Unda, Shawn D. Mansfield) </p>
<p>16. Total Lipids (Mark O. Gessner & Paul T. M. Neumann)</p>
<p>17. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Decomposing Leaf Litter (Eric Von Elert)</p>
<p>18. Total Phenolics (Felix Bärlocher & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p>19. Radial Diffusion Assay for Tannins (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>20. Acid Butanol Assay to Determine Bulk Concentrations of Condensed Tannins (Mark O. Gessner & Daniel Steiner)</p>
<p>21. Lignin and Cellulose (Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>22. Physical Litter Properties: Leaf Toughness and Tensile Strength (Manuel A.S. Graça & Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 3. Microbial Decomposers</p>
<p> </p>
<p>23. Techniques for Handling Ingoldian Fungi (Enrique Descals)</p>
<p>24. Maintenance of Aquatic Hyphomycete Cultures (Ludmila Marvanová)</p>
<p>25. An Illustrated Key to the Common Temperate Species of Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Vladislav Gulis, Ludmila Marvanová & Enrique Descals)</p>
<p>26. Sporulation by Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>27. Ergosterol as a Measure of Fungal Biomass (Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>28. Fungal Growth Rates and Production (Keller Suberkropp, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p>
<p>29. Bacterial Abundance and Biomass Determination in Plant Litter by Epifluorescence Microscopy (Nanna Buesing & Mark O. Gessner)</p>
<p>30. Growth and Production of Litter-Associated Bacteria (Nanna Buesing, Mark O. Gessner & Kevin A. Kuehn)</p>
<p>31. Isolation of Cellulose-Degrading Bacteria (Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>32. ATP as a Measure of Microbial Biomass (Manuela Abelho)</p>
<p>33. Respiration of Litter-Associated Microbes and Invertebrates (Manuel A.S. Graça & Manuela Abelho) </p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 4. Molecular Microbial Community Analyses</p>
<p> </p>
<p>34. Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (T-Rflp) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>35. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) to Estimate Fungal Diversity (Liliya G. Nikolcheva & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
36. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR) to Estimate Molecular Fungal Abundance (Christiane Baschien & J. Steffen C. Carl)<p></p>
<p>37. Metabarcoding of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sofia Duarte, Christian Wurzbacher & Sahadevan Seena)</p>
<p>38. Identifying Active Members of Litter Fungal Communities by Precursor rRNA (Martina Štursová & Petr Baldrian)</p>
<p>39. Gene Expression Analysis of Litter-Associated Fungi Using RNA-Seq (Elizabeth C. Bourne, Paul R. Johnston, Elisabeth Funk & Michael T. Monaghan)</p>
<p>40. Metaproteomics of Litter-associated Fungi (Katharina M. Keiblinger & Katharina Riedel)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 5. Enzymatic Capabilities</p>
<p> </p>
<p>41. Extractellular Fungal Hydrolytic Enzyme Activity (Shawn D. Mansfield)</p>
<p>42. Cellulases (Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p>43. Viscosimetric Determination of Endocellulase Activity (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>44. Fluorometric Determination of The Activity of β-Glucosidase and other Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes (Björn Hendel & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>45. Pectin-degrading Enzymes: Polygalacturonase and Pectin Lyase (Keller Suberkropp)</p>
<p>46. Lignin-degrading Enzymes: Phenoloxidase and Peroxidase (Björn Hendel, Robert L. Sinsabaugh & Jürgen Marxsen)</p>
<p>47. Phenol Oxidation (Martin Zimmer)</p>
<p>48. Proteinase Activity: Azocoll and Thin-layer Enzyme Assay (Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 6. Litter Consumers</p>
<p> </p>
<p>49. Processing of Aquatic Invertebrates Colonizing Decomposing Litter (John S. Richardson)</p>
50. Identifying Stream Invertebrates as Plant Litter Consumers (Luz Boyero, Richard G. Pearson, Ricardo J. Albariño, Marcos Callisto, Francisco Correa-Araneda, Andrea C. Encalada, Marcelo Moretti, Alonso Ramírez, April Sparkman, Christopher M. Swan, Catherine M. Yule & Manuel A.S. Graça)<p></p>
<p>51. Shredder Feeding and Growth Rates (Manuel A.S. Graça & José M. González)</p>
<p>52. Feeding Preferences (Cristina Canhoto, Manuel A.S. Graça & Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>53. Energy Budget of Shredders (Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p>54. The Role of Shredders in Litter Dynamics at Stream Scale (José M. González & Manuel A.S. Graça)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 7. Litter Manipulations</p>
<p> </p>
<p>55. Manipulation of Leaf Litter Stoichiometry (Julio Arce-Funck, Vincent Felten, Michael Danger)</p>
<p>56. Isotopic Labelling of Leaf-litter Nitrogen (Bernd Zeller, Severine Bienaimé & Etienne Dambrine)</p>
<p>57. Decomposition and Consumption Tablets (DECOTABSs) (Gea H. van Der Lee, Ellard R. Hunting, J. Arie Vonk & Michiel H.S. Kraak)</p>
<p>58. Inoculation of Leaf Litter with Aquatic Hyphomycetes (Eric Chauvet)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Part 8. Data Analyses</p>
<p></p>
<p>59. A Primer for Statistical Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>60. Determining Temperature-normalized Decomposition Rates (Mark O. Gessner & Frank Peeters)</p>
<p>61. Biodiversity Analysis (Felix Bärlocher)</p>
<p>62. A Bioinformatics Primer for the Analysis of Illumina MiSeq Data of Litter-associated Fungi and Bacteria (Sahadevan Seena, Sofia Duarte & Christian Wurzbacher)</p>
63. A Primer for Meta-Analysis (Verónica Ferreira & Felix Bärlocher)<p></p><br></div>