Forest-Water Interactions
Samenvatting
The United Nations has declared 2018-2028 as the International Decade for Action on Water for Sustainable Development. This is a timely designation. In an increasingly thirsty world, the subject of forest-water interactions is of critical importance to the achievement of sustainability goals. The central underlying tenet of this book is that the hydrologic community can conduct better science and make a more meaningful impact to the world’s water crisis if scientists are: (1) better equipped to utilize new methods and harness big data from either or both high-frequency sensors and long-term research watersheds; and (2) aware of new developments in our process-based understanding of the hydrological cycle in both natural and urban settings. Accordingly, this forward-looking book delves into forest-water interactions from multiple methodological, statistical, and process-based perspectives (with some chapters featuring data sets and open-source R code), concluding with a chapter on future forest hydrology under global change. Thus, this book describes the opportunities of convergence in high-frequency sensing, big data, and open source software to catalyze more comprehensive understanding of forest-water interactions. The book will be of interest to researchers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates in an array of disciplines, including hydrology, forestry, ecology, botany, and environmental engineering.
Specificaties
Inhoudsopgave
<p>Preface </p>
<p>A. Novel Methods: Environmental sensing opportunities for forest-water interactions [Darryl]</p>
<p> 1. Instrumentation (high frequency in stream with S::CAN/imaging/accelerometers/tomography/fiber optics/gravimetrics); sensing from tree-to-continent (interception, stream chem/ ET) (Selker/Van de Giesen/Bowden)</p>
2. Instrument/sensor calibration (Iida et al.)<p></p>
<p> 3. Open source instrumentation and ecohydrology (David Hill and Brandon Turner)</p>
<p> 4. Isotopic fingerprinting: applications in ecohydrology (Tetzlaff, Soulsby)</p>
5. UAV/drones: appl. to forest hydrol/biogeochemistry (Herwitz)<p></p>
<p> 6. GIS and Google platforms: applications to forest-water interactions (Creed)</p>
<p>B. Analyzing and synthesizing ecohydrological patterns and functional relationships with statistics (with R code as electronic supplementary information) [Alex Tischer]</p>
<p> 1. Data exploration and transformation</p>
<p> 2. Analysis of patterns: spatiotemporal statistics (kriging/semivariograms/autocorrelation/time series?/etc)</p>
<p> 3. Analysis of functional relations: application and comparison of likelihood-based and Bayesian statistics</p>
<p> 4. Machine learning techniques and big data, including self-organizing maps/other [Holger Lange]</p>
<p>C. Synthesizing some recent advances in process-based forest-water interactions [Michalzik , Nanko]</p>
<p> 1. Leaf water repellency (Holder, Roasado, Goldsmith from Scherrer Inst, Switz, W. Konrad, Tuebingen)</p>
<p> 2. Throughfall drop size distribution (Nanko, Levia, Leuchner)</p>
<p> 3. DOM & Microbial drivers of biogeochemical cycling in TF/SF, forest cycles (metabolism & transport) (Michalzik, Müller, Naethe, Levia, others in Jena, Gallery) </p>
4. Root-water interactions (Guswa/Hildebrandt)<p></p>
<p> 5. Forest-Groundwater Interactions (Germer)</p>
<p> 6. Cycling of radionuclides in wooded ecosystems (Onda)</p>
<p>D. Forest-water interactions in urban ecosystems [Levia]</p>
<p> 1. Green infrastructure: Canopy interception loss, throughfall, stemflow (Carlyle-Moses et al.)</p>
<p> 2. Deposition chemistry of edge trees (Wuyts, Staelens, Verheyen, Belgian Group)</p>
<p> 3. iTree and other urban tree models and their use for hydrology and biogeochemistry for cities (Nowak, Endreny, Wang, Yang)</p>
<p> 4. Applications of science to planners, water resource managers (Livesley)</p>
<p>E. Forest-water interactions over the long- term: analysis and synthesis from several experimental watersheds [Iida]</p>
<p> 1. Hydrological and biogeochemical insights from HBEF (Likens, McGuire, Driscoll) </p>
<p> 2. Long term research from Aichi Forest at UTokyo OR 5 FFPRI sites & comparison of temperate forests in Japan and Sweden (Tamai, Tanaka, Boyer, Bishop) </p>
<p> 3. Water fluxes and changing soils over time (e.g., cation loss) (Wolfgang Wilcke)</p>
<p> 4. Long term measurements of sediment transport and runoff in Vallcebre, Spain (Llorens, Latron, Gallart, Pfister)</p>