<p>Introduction: Stem Cells in Samsun.- Searching for the in vivo Traces of MSCs and their Ancestors.- Isolation and Identification of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.- Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation.- Immunregulatory Functions of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.- Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Possibilities of New Treatment Options.- Tissue Engineering Based on The Importance of Collaboration between Clinician and Basic Scientist and Mesenchymal Stromal Cells.- Synchroton Radiation and Nanotechnology for Stem Cell Researchers.- Controversies in Corneal Epithelial Stem Cell Biology.- Type 1 Diabetes and Stem Cells: A New Approach.- Successful Scale–up and Quality Assessments of Human Embryonic Stem Cells for Cell Therapy – Challenges and Overview.- Human Embryonic Stem Cells from Laboratory and Clinical Perspective.- Clinical and Laboratory Aspects of Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Derivation of Affected Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines.- New Treatment Modalities by Disease and Patient Specific iPS Cells.- Cancer Stem Cells: Current Concepts and Therapeutic Implications.- Problems to be Solved in Molecular Oncology.</p>