Section I. Drug Resistance Related Proteins and Glutathione.- 1. MDR1/P-gp Expression as a Prognostic Factor in Acute Leukemias.- 2. Clinical Significance of P-Glycoprotein (P-gp) Expression in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of a 6-Year Prospective Study.- 3. Prognostic Value of P-gp Expression and Related Function in Childhood Acute Leukemia.- 4. Comparison of P-Glycoprotein Expression and Function with in Vitro Sensitivity to Anthracyclines in AML.- 5. Quinine Improves Results of Intensive Chemotherapy (IC) in Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) Expressing P-Glycoprotein (PGP): Updated Results of a Randomized Study.- 6. Treatment of Poor Prognosis AML Patients Using PSC833 (Valspodar) plus Mitoxantrone, Etoposide, and Cytarabine (PSC-MEC).- 7. Assessment of P-Glycoprotein Expression by Immunocytochemistry and Flow Cytometry Using Two Different Monoclonal Antibodies Coupled with Functional Efflux Analysis in 34 Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.- 8. Preliminary Immunocytochemical Studies of MDR-1 and MDR-3 Pgp Expression in B-Cell Leukaemias.- 9. A Mutation in the Promoter of the Multidrug Resistance Gene (MDR 1) in Human Hematological Malignancies May Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Resistant Disease.- 10. Reproducible Flow Cytometric Methodology for Measuring Multidrug Resistance in Leukaemic Blasts.- 11. Natural Fluorescence Imaging of Leukemic Cells for Studying Uptake and Retention of Anthracyclines.- 12. Artificial Neural Networks as Versatile Tools for Prediction of MDR-Modulatory Activity.- 13. Discordance of P-Glycoprotein Expression and Function in Acute Leukemia.- 14. Multidrug Resistance Related Proteins in Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas.- 15. The Lung Resistance Protein (LRP) Predicts Poor Outcome in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.- 16. MRP Expression in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An Update.- 17. Evidence for Functional Discrimination between Leukemic Cells Overexpressing Multidrug-Resistance Associated Protein and P-Glycoprotein.- 18. Both Pgp and MRP1 Activities Using Calcein-AM Contribute to Drug Resistance in AML.- 19. Absolute Levels of MDR-1, MRP, and BCL-2 mRNA and Tumor Remission in Acute Leukemia.- 20. Multidrug Resistance Protein MRP1, Glutathione, and Related Enzymes: Their Importance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.- 21. Glutathione and the Regulation of Cell Death.- 22. Evidence for the Involvement of the Glutathione Pathway in Drug Resistance in AML.- 23. Glutathione in Childhood Acute Leukaemias.- Section II. Apoptosis and Cell Death Regulations.- 24. Apoptosis: Molecules and Mechanisms.- 25. Activation of Apoptosis Pathways by Anticancer Drugs.- 26. BCL-2 Stimulates Apoptin®-Induced Apoptosis.- 27. CD95 (Fas/Apo-1) Antigen Is a New Prognostic Marker of Blast Cells of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia Patients.- 28. Inhibition of Fas/Fas-Ligand Does Not Block Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis in Drug Sensitive and Resistant Cells.- 29. Effects of PARP Inhibition on Drug and FAS-Induced Apoptosis in Leukaemic Cells.- 30. Apoptotic Fraction in Childhood ALL Assessed by DNA in Situ Labelling Is Ploidy Independent.- 31. PCNA Bearing Structures Are Retained in Apoptotic Phase of Childhood ALL Cell Cycle.- 32. Apoptosis Corrected Proliferation Fraction in Childhood ALL Is Related to Karyotype.- 33. Proliferation and Apoptosis Does Not Affect Presenting White Cell Count in Childhood ALL.- 34. Apoptosis by Anthracyclines at Therapeutic Concentrations in MDR1+ Human Leukemic Cells.- 35. BCL-2 Expression in Childhood Leukemia versus Spontaneous Apoptosis, Drug Induced Apoptosis and in Vitro Drug Resistance.- 36. Comparison of BCL-2 and Bax Protein Expression with in Vitro Sensitivity to Ara-C and 6TG in AML.- 37. Synthetic Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitors: New Generation of Potent Anti-Cancer Drugs.- 38. Factors Contributing to the Resistance to Apoptosis Induced by Topoisomerase I Inhibitors in Vincristine Resistant Cells.- 39. Two Distinct Modes of Oncoprotein Expression during Apoptosis Resistance in Vincristine and Daunorubicin Multidrug-Resistant HL60 Cells.- Section III. Risk Factors and Cell Culture Assays.- Genetic Abnormalities and Drug Resistance in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia>.- 41. Resistance Testing and Mechanisms of Resistance in Childhood Leukemia: Studies from Amsterdam.- 42. Pharmacokinetics of Anticancer Drugs in Vitro.- 43. Down Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Lessons Learned from Experience with High-Dose Ara-C Containing Regimens.- 44. Cellular Drug Resistance in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Mini-Review with Emphasis on Cell Culture Assays.- 45. Is in Vitro Sensitivity of Blast Cells Correlated to Therapeutic Effect in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?.- 46. In Vitro Cytotoxic Drug Activity and in Vivo Pharmacokinetics in Childhood Acute Myeloid Leukemia.- 47. Prognosis in Adult AML Is Precisely Predicted by the Disc-Assay Using the Chemosensitivity-Index C1.- 48. Drug Resistance Testing of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Adults Using the MTT Assay.- 49. MTT Assay for Drug Resistance in Childhood Acute Leukemia and Effect of Cyclosporin and Interferon: A Preliminary Report.- 50. Differential Antileukemic Activity of Prednisolone and Dexamethasone in Freshly Isolated Leukemic Cells.- 51. Activity of Vinorelbine on B-Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells in Vitro.- 52. Studies of Some Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML).- 53. Clinical Sensitivity to Anthracyclines in Ph/BCR+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.- 54. Differential Kinetics of Drug Resistance in Human Leukaemic Cells Measured by SCGE/CLSM.- 55. Demonstration of Differences in Drug Resistance by Direct Testing of DNA Excision Repair Activity following Standard and Liposomal Daunorubicin Exposure in Normal Paediatric Marrow Using High Resolution CLSM.- 56. Microsatellite Instability Assessment in Prediction of Drug Resistance in Childhood Burkitt’s and Large Cell Diffuse Malignant Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (MNHL).- 57. High Resolution Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy Analysis of DNA Excision Repair Capability in Small Volume Marrow Samples Exposed to DNA Directed Treatment Moieties.- Section IV. Antifolates.- 58. Defining the Optimal Dosage of Methotrexate for Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: New Insights from the Lab and Clinic.- 59. Mechanisms of Methotrexate Resistance in Acute Leukemia: Decreased Transport and Polyglutamylation.- 60. Lack of Cross-Resistance between Prednisolone and Methotrexate in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia? A Preliminary Analysis.- Section V. Nucleoside Analogues and Growth Factors.- 61. New Developments in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.- 62. Aphidicolin Markedly Increases the in Vitro Sensitivity to Ara-C of Blast Cells from Patients with AML.- 63. Common Resistance Mechanisms to Nucleoside Analogues in Variants of the Human Erythroleukemic Line K562.- 64. Expression of DNA Mismatch Repair Proteins in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia and Normal Bone Marrow.- 65. Effects of CSFS and Their Combinations with Chemotherapeutic Agents (Ch) on Leukemic Blasts (LB) in Children (MTT-Assay).- Section VI. Glucocorticoids.- 66. Glucocorticosteroid Therapy in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.- 67. Glucocorticoid Induced Apoptosis in Leukemia.- 68. Glucocorticoid Resistance and the AP-1 Transcription Factor in Leukemia.- Section VII. Asparaginase.- 69. The Three Asparaginases: Comparative Pharmacology and Optimal Use in Childhood Leukemia.