Highly Conducting One-Dimensional Solids

1 Introduction to Highly Conducting One-Dimensional Solids.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Some Preliminary Thoughts.- 3. Excitonic Superconductivity.- 4. TCNQ Salts and KCP.- 4.1. NMP-TCNQ.- 4.2. TTF-TCNQ.- 4.3. KCP.- 5. TTF-TCNQ and TSeF-TCNQ.- 5.1. Structural Transitions in TTF-TCNQ.- 5.2. Electromagnetic Properties of TTF-TCNQ.- 5.3. ESR and Alloys of TTF-TCNQ and TSeF-TCNQ.- 6. Theory.- 7. Some Concluding Thoughts.- References.- 2 X-Ray and Neutron Scattering from One-Dimensional Conductors.- 1. Introduction.- 1.1. Lattice Instabilities and Phonon Anomalies.- 1.2. X-Ray Diffuse Scattering.- 1.3. Neutron Scattering.- 2. Structural Studies of KCP and Related Platinum Chain Complexes.- 2.1. Structure and One-Dimensional Electrical Properties of KCP.- 2.2. X-Ray Diffuse Scattering from KCP.- 2.3. Neutron Scattering Studies of KCP.- 2.4. Study of Other Platinum Complexes.- 3. Structural Studies of Organic One-Dimensional Conductors.- 3.1. Structure and TTF-TCNQ Crystals.- 3.2. High-Temperature Precursor Scattering in TTF-TCNQ.- 3.3. The Modulated Phases of TTF-TCNQ.- 3.4. Spin Waves in TTF-TCNQ?.- 3.5. The Interpretation of the Sequence of Modulated Phases in TTF-TCNQ.- 3.6. Study of Other Organic One-Dimensional Conductors.- 4. Concluding Remarks.- References and Notes.- 3 Charge-Density Wave Phenomena in One-Dimensional Metals: TTF-TCNQ and Related Organic Conductors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Strength of Interactions; Bandwidth, Electron-Electron and Electron-Phonon Interactions.- 2.1. One-Electron Energies; Band Structure.- 2.2. Electron-Electron Interactions: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Susceptibility.- 2.3. Electron-Phonon Interaction.- 3. The Peierls Instability in TTF-TCNQ: Structural Aspects and Phonon Softening.- 4. The Pseudogap: Optical Properties.- 5. Electrical Conductivity.- 5.1. DC Measurements.- 5.2. Microwave Measurements.- 6. The Transition Region 38°K<TTc1.- 4.1. Transport Properties.- 4.2. Magnetic Properties.- 4.3. Phonon Anomalies.- 5. Metal-Semiconductor Phase Transition.- 5.1. Variation of Transition Temperature Tc1 with Alloying.- 5.2. Thermodynamics and Critical Behavior of the Metal-Semiconductor Phase Transition.- 6. Semiconducting Phase, T< Tc1.- 6.1. Transport Properties in the Semiconducting Phase.- 6.2. Magnetic Properties.- 6.3. Superlattices and Phonon Anomalies.- 7. Summary.- References and Notes.- 5 Perturbation Approach to Lattice Instabilities in Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductors.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The One-Dimensional Electron-Phonon System.- 3. Fluctuations in the One-Dimensional System.- 4. Effects of Interchain Coupling.- 5. Effects of Impurities.- References and Notes.- 6 Theory of the One-Dimensional Electron Gas.- 1. Basic Physics.- 1.1. Introduction.- 1.2. Phase Transitions and Long-Range Order.- 1.3. Mathematical Model.- 1.4. Strong Coupling.- 2. Spinless Fermions.- 2.1. Definition of the Continuum Limit.- 2.2. Boson Representations and the Free Energy.- 2.3. Boson Representations of Fermion Fields.- 2.4. Correlation Functions of the Interacting System.- 3. Large “On-Site” Interaction.- 3.1. Attractive Interaction.- 3.2. Repulsive Interaction.- 3.3. Correlation Functions.- 4. Continuum Limit—Energy Gaps.- 4.1. Separation of Charge and Spin Degrees of Freedom.- 4.2. Reduction to Spinless Fermions.- 4.3. Solution of the Spinless Fermion Problems.- 4.4. Correlation Functions.- 4.5. Relationship to Other Problems.- 5. Renormalization Group Method.- 5.1. Scaling Equations.- 5.2. Trajectories and Energy Scales.- 5.3. Low-Temperature Properties.- 5.4. Four-Particle Functions.- Appendix A: Some Results That Are Useful for Working with Boson Representations.- Appendix B: Anticommutation of Different Fermion Fields.- Appendix C: Charge-Density Wave Gap and CDW Correlations.- References.- 7 The Prospects of Excitonic Superconductivity.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Nature of Superconductivity.- 2.1. Background.- 2.2. Phonon Mechanism.- 2.3. Limitation on Tc.- 2.4. Isotope Effect.- 2.5. Exciton Mechanism.- 3. Problems of Superconductivity Unique to the Exciton Mechanism.- 3.1. Exchange.- 3.2. Apparent Limitation on ???*.- 3.3 Vertex Corrections.- 3.4. Equation for Tc.- 3.5. The Kernel U(p, k).- 3.6. Effects of the Phonons on the Exciton Mechanism.- 4. Effects of Limited Dimensionality.- 4.1. Effects of Fluctuations.- 4.2. Types of Order in a One-Dimensional Electron Gas.- 4.3. Relevance of g-ology.- 4.4. Interchain Coupling.- 4.5. Localization and Impurities.- 4.6. Effects of Screening.- 5. Real Models.- 5.1. Model of a Filamentary Excitonic Superconductor.- 5.2. Discussion.- 6. Summary.- References.- 8 Recent Developments and Comments.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nature of the Phase Transitions.- 2.1. Transition in KCP.- 2.2. Transitions in TCNQ Compounds.- 2.3. Transitions in TaS3, NbSe3.- 3. Coulomb Interactions and Magnetic Susceptibility.- 3.1. Limitations of the Hubbard Model.- 3.2. Magnetic Susceptibility.- 3.3. Problem of TTF-TCNQ.- 3.4. Properties of NMP-TCNQ.- 4. Collective Transport.- 4.1. Superconductivity and One-Dimensional Fluctuations.- 4.2. Dielectric Properties.- 4.3. Transport above Tc.- 4.4. Nonlinear Field Dependence of Conductivity.- 5. Concluding Comments.- References.- Author Index.