Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning

Introduction: Different Views of Psychology.- Structural Phrenology.- Behavioral Phrenology.- Reinforcer Value: An Example of a Developing Phrenology.- Functional Relationships: An Empirical Alternative.- References.- Section I: Concurrent Classical and Operant Conditioning Procedures.- 1. Review of Classical-Operant Conditioning, Parameter by Parameter.- History: A Confluence of Three Traditions.- Emotional States.- Classical Conditioning.- Classical-Operant Interactions.- Theoretical Positions Briefly Considered.- Experimental Analysis: General Methods.- Subjects.- Conditioning Procedures.- Dependent Variables.- Negative Classical Conditioning Scheduled with Positive Operant Conditioning.- Classical Conditioning Variables.- Operant Conditioning Variables.- Subject Variables.- Negative Classical Conditioning Scheduled with Negative Operant Conditioning.- Classical Conditioning Variables.- Operant Conditioning Variables.- Subject Variables.- Positive Classical Conditioning Scheduled with Positive Operant Conditioning.- Classical Conditioning Variables.- Operant Conditioning Variables.- Subject Variables.- Positive Classical Conditioning Scheduled with Negative Operant Conditioning.- Concluding Remarks.- References.- 2. Empirical Analysis of Concurrent Classical-Operant Schedules.- Interactions between Sidman Avoidance and Appetitive Classically Conditioned Responses (Experiment I).- Experiment I.- Discussion.- Concurrent Response Rates During Positive Classical-Positive Operant Conditioning (Experiments II and III).- Experiment II.- Experiment III.- Discussion.- Concurrent Response Rates During Preevent Stimuli (Experiments IV, V, VI, and VII).- Experiment IV.- Experiment V.- Experiment VI.- Experiment VII.- Discussion.- Interactions Between Programmed and Superstitious Operants (Experiment VIII).- Experiment VIII.- Discussion.- Suppression of Classically Conditioned Responses by Superimposed Operant Responses (Experiment IX).- Experiment IX.- Discussion.- Summary.- References.- Section II: Operant Conditioning Procedures.- 3. Concurrent Schedules: Response Versus Reinforcement Interaction.- The Issue of Response Versus Reinforcement Interaction.- Response Independence and Reinforcement Interaction.- Direct or Indirect Reinforcement Interaction.- Response Pattern Reciprocity in Concurrent FR VI Schedules (Experiments I and II).- Experiment I.- Experiment II.- Discussion.- Changeover Responses Under Discriminative Control with Discrete-Trial Procedures (Experiments III, IV, and V).- Experiment III.- Experiment IV.- Experiment V.- Discussion.- Observing Responses with Signaled Reinforcement (Experiments VI, VII, and VIII).- Experiment VI.- Experiment VII.- Experiment VIII.- Discussion.- Superstitious Responding with Response-Independent Reinforcement (Experiment IX).- Experiment IX.- Discussion.- Concluding Comments.- References.- 4. Concurrent Responses with Multiple Schedules.- Explanations of Behavioral Contrast.- Component Duration and Collateral Responses (Experiment I).- Experiment I.- Discussion.- Positive Contrast and Collateral Responses (Experiment II).- Experiment II.- Discussion.- Multi-response Interactions and Local Behavioral Contrast (Experiment III).- Discussion.- Concluding Comments.- A Response-Displacement Model of Positive Contrast.- Collateral Responses in Multiple Schedules.- Conclusion.- References.- 5. Collateral Responses with Simple Schedules.- Reinforced Responses Interacting with Collateral Responses.- Pattern Reciprocity Between FR Responding and Collateral Licking (Experiments I and II).- Experiment I.- Experiment II.- Discussion.- Pattern Dependency Between FR Responding and Collateral Licking (Experiment III).- Experiment III.- Discussion.- Pattern Interdependence Between FR Responding and Collateral Licking (Experiment IV).- Experiment IVA.- Experiment IVB.- Discussion.- Pauses and Collateral Responses with Reinforcement Omission (Experiment V).- Experiment VA.- Experiment VB.- Experiment VC.- Discussion.- Interresponse Times and Collateral Responses (Experiment VI).- Experiment VI.- Discussion.- Concluding Comments.- References.- Section III: Classical Conditioning Procedures.- 6. Response Patterning in Classical Conditioning.- Review of Conditioning and Competing Responses.- Simple Classical Conditioning (Experiment I).- Delay Conditioning (Exeriment IA).- External Inhibition (Experiment IB).- Extinction (Experiment IC).- Delay Conditioning plus Inhibition of Extinction (Experiment ID).- Delay Conditioning: Replication (Experiment IE).- Summary.- Concurrent Classical Conditioning (Experiments II, III, and IV).- Concurrent Delay-Trace Conditioning (Experiments IIA, B, and C).- Concurrent Delay-Delay Conditioning (Experiments IID and E).- Concurrent Delay-Delay Conditioning: Systematic Replication (Experiment III).- Concurrent Trace-Trace Conditioning (Experiment IV).- Summary.- References.