Endocarditis

Historical Perspectives and Basic Principles.- Perspectives on the History of Endocarditis.- Pathologic Findings: Valvular Destruction, Perivalvular Abnormalities, and Extracardiac Findings.- Changing Populations: The Elderly, Injection Drug Users, Health-Care-Associated and Immunocompromised Patients.- Microbiology of Infective Endocarditis and Microbiologic Diagnosis.- Prophylaxis of Endocarditis.- Diagnosis and Management Approaches.- Diagnostic Approach to Endocarditis.- Role of Transthoracic and Transesophageal Echocardiography in the Management of Endocarditis.- Surgical Management: Indications and Technical Issues.- Treatment of Native Valve Endocarditis: General Principles and Therapy for Specific Organisms.- Clinical Dilemmas.- Blood-Culture-Negative Endocarditis.- Prosthetic Valve and Other Cardiovascular Device-Related Endocarditis.- Pediatric Infective Endocarditis and Congenital Heart Disease.- Systemic Embolism in Endocarditis: Incidence, Risk Factors, Clinical Significance, and Treatment Strategies.- Neurological Complications of Endocarditis: Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Management Issues.