Introduction: Knowing the Enemy, Knowing the Earth; Simone Turchetti and Peder Roberts PART I: SURVEILLANCE STRATEGIES TO CONTROL NATURAL RESOURCES 1. From The Ground Up: Uranium Surveillance and Atomic Energy in Western Europe; Matthew Adamson, Lino Camprubì and Simone Turchetti 2. Underground and Underwater: Oil Security in France and Britain during the Cold War; Roberto Cantoni and Leucha Veneer PART II: MONITORING THE EARTH: NUCLEAR WEAPON PROGRAMS 3. 'Unscare' and Conceal: the United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation and the Origin of International Radiation Monitoring; Nèstor Herran 4. 'In God We Trust. All Others We Monitor': Seismology, Surveillance and the Test Ban Negotiations; Simone Turchetti PART III: SEEING THE SEA - FROM ABOVE AND BELOW 5. Stormy Seas: Anglo-American Negotiations on Ocean Surveillance; Sam Robinson 6. Scientists and Sea Ice under Surveillance in the Early Cold War; Peder Roberts PART IV: SURVEILLANCE TECHNOLOGIES 7. SpaceTechnology and the Rise of the U.S. Surveillance State; Roger D. Launius 8. Serendipitous Outcomes in Space History: From Space Photography to Environmental Surveillance; Sebastian Vincent Grevsmühl PART V: FROM SURVEILLANCE TO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING 9. Observing the environmental turn through the Global Environment Monitoring System; Soraya Boudia 10. What was whole about the whole Earth? How the Earth sciences saw their subject during the Cold War and beyond; Robert Poole