Introduction: Girls' Secondary Education in the Western World: An Historical Introduction; J.C.Albisetti , J.Goodman & R.Rogers Class and Religion: Great Britain and Ireland; J.Goodman Culture and Catholicism: France; R.Rogers The Influence of Confession and State: Germany and Austria; J.Jacobi Chequered Routes to Secondary Education: Italy; S.Soldani Between Modernization and Conservatism: Spain; C.Flecha Toward the Recognition of their Educational Rights: Portugal; H.C.Araújo , C.Rocha & L.Fonseca Champion in Coeducation: the Netherlands; M.Van Essen & H.Amsing Politics and Anti-clericalism: Belgium; E.Gubin Lutheranism and Democracy: Scandinavia; A.Linné Nation-building, Patriotism and Women's Citizenship: Bulgaria in South Eastern Europe; K.Daskalova From an Exclusive Privilege to a Right and an Obligation: Modern Russia; E.T.Ewing Europeans and the American Model of Girls' Secondary Education; J.C.Albisetti Crossing Borders in Girls' Secondary Education; J.Goodman & R.Rogers