Guidelines for Siting and Layout of Facilities, Second Edition

<p>List of Figures xiii</p>
<p>List of Tables xvii</p>
<p>Acronyms and Abbreviations xix</p>
<p>Glossary xxi</p>
<p>Acknowledgments xxxiii</p>
<p>Foreword xxxv</p>
<p>Preface xxxvii</p>
<p>1 INTRODUCTION 1</p>
<p>1.1 Objectives 1</p>
<p>1.2 A Siting and Layout Approach 3</p>
<p>1.3 How to Use This Guideline 4</p>
<p>1.4 The Protection Layers 7</p>
<p>1.5 Terminology 12</p>
<p>1.6 Guideline References 15</p>
<p>1.7 Separation Distances Based Primarily on Fire Consequences 15</p>
<p>2 OVERVIEW OF BENEFITS 17</p>
<p>2.1 Implications of Siting and Layout 17</p>
<p>2.2 Management of Risks 18</p>
<p>2.3 Implementing a Step–wise Approach for the Siting and LayOut of Facilities 23</p>
<p>2.4 Anticipating the Changing World 25</p>
<p>2.5 Summarizing the Business Case for Proper Siting of a Facility 25</p>
<p>3 IDENTIFYING THE PROCESS HAZARDS AND RISKS 27</p>
<p>3.1 Introduction 27</p>
<p>3.2 Describing the Facility s Scope 28</p>
<p>3.3 Screening for Preliminary Hazards 29</p>
<p>3.4 Evaluating the Risks 40</p>
<p>3.5 Checklist for Identifying the Process Hazards and Risks 40</p>
<p>3.6 Summary 41</p>
<p>4 SELECTING A FACILITY LOCATION 42</p>
<p>4.1 Introduction 42</p>
<p>4.2 Additional Information on the Facility 43</p>
<p>4.3 Selecting a Team to Locate the Facility 43</p>
<p>4.4 Guidelines when Surveying Potential Facility Locations 46</p>
<p>4.5 Determining the Location Plot Size 47</p>
<p>4.6 Construction and Turnaround Issues 51</p>
<p>4.7 Maps and Information 52</p>
<p>4.8 Geological Issues 54</p>
<p>4.9 Weather Issues 59</p>
<p>4.10 Seismic Issues 62</p>
<p>4.11 Off–site Issues 62</p>
<p>4.12 Security Issues 65</p>
<p>4.13 Environmental Issues 67</p>
<p>4.14 Infrastructure Issues 74</p>
<p>4.15 Building and Structure Issues 74</p>
<p>4.16 Material Handling Issues 74</p>
<p>4.17 Communications Issues 83</p>
<p>4.18 Engineering Design Issues 85</p>
<p>4.19 Utilities Issues 88</p>
<p>4.20 Other Characteristics 94</p>
<p>4.21 Preparing the Information when Comparing Locations 96</p>
<p>4.22 A Siting and Layout Illustration 97</p>
<p>4.23 Checklist for Selecting a Facility Location 105</p>
<p>4.24 Summary 106</p>
<p>5 SELECTING THE PROCESS UNIT LAYOUT WITHIN A FACILITY 107</p>
<p>5.1 Introduction 108</p>
<p>5.2 Block Layout Methodology Overview 110</p>
<p>5.3 How the Block Layout Integrates with the Facility Location 118</p>
<p>5.4 Applying Preventive Measures when Arranging Process Units 118</p>
<p>5.5 Applying Mitigative Measures when Arranging Process Units 120</p>
<p>5.6 Construction and Turnarounds 123</p>
<p>5.7 The Block Layout Approach: Step 1 – Evaluating the Location s Characteristics 128</p>
<p>5.8 Off–site Issues 131</p>
<p>5.9 Security Issues 134</p>
<p>5.10 Environmental Issues 134</p>
<p>5.11 Infrastructure Issues 134</p>
<p>5.12 The Block Layout Approach: Step 2 – Evaluating the Separation Distances between Blocks 135</p>
<p>5.13 Critical and Occupied Structures 139</p>
<p>5.14 Material Handling 155</p>
<p>5.15 Process Units 162</p>
<p>5.16 Tank Farms 165</p>
<p>5.17 Other Areas 169</p>
<p>5.18 Utilities 174</p>
<p>5.19 Optimizing the Locations of the Process Units 182</p>
<p>5.20 Resolving Block Layout Optimization Issues 184</p>
<p>5.21 Continuing the Siting and Layout Illustration 185</p>
<p>5.22 Checklist For Selecting the Layout of Process Units within a Facility 190</p>
<p>5.23 Summary 191</p>
<p>6 SELECTING THE EQUIPMENT LAYOUT WITHIN A PROCESS UNIT 193</p>
<p>6.1 Introduction 193</p>
<p>6.2 Equipment Layout Methodology Overview 194</p>
<p>6.3 How the Equipment Layout Integrates with the Block Layout 198</p>
<p>6.4 Applying Preventive Measures when Arranging Equipment 199</p>
<p>6.5 Applying Mitigative Measures when Arranging Equipment 209</p>
<p>6.6 Critical and Occupied Structure Design 219</p>
<p>6.7 Equipment 228</p>
<p>6.8 Resolving Equipment Layout Optimization Issues 233</p>
<p>6.9 Continuing the Siting and Layout Illustration 234</p>
<p>6.10 Checklist For Selecting the Equipment Layout within a Process Unit 239</p>
<p>6.11 Summary 240</p>
<p>7 MANAGING CHANGES 241</p>
<p>7.1 Introduction 241</p>
<p>7.2 Addressing Surrounding Community and Industrial Expansions 244</p>
<p>7.3 A Siting and Layout Approach when Managing Changes 245</p>
<p>7.4 Maintaining Facility Integrity during its Life Cycle 246</p>
<p>7.5 Managing Expansions at an Existing Facility 250</p>
<p>7.6 Managing Purchases of Existing Facilities 251</p>
<p>7.7 Monitoring changes with Periodic Reviews 252</p>
<p>7.8 Addressing Siting and Layout Issues which are Identified During Expansions 262</p>
<p>7.9 Summary 262</p>
<p>8 CASE HISTORIES 265</p>
<p>9 REFERENCES 301</p>
<p>10 APPENDICES 315</p>
<p>APPENDIX A. ADDITIONAL SITING AND LAYOUT REFERENCES 319</p>
<p>APPENDIX B. CCPS RECOMMENDED DISTANCE TABLES FOR SITING AND LAYOUT OF FACILITIES 335</p>
<p>APPENDIX C. CHECKLIST FOR IDENTIFYING THE PROCESS HAZARDS AND RISKS 338</p>
<p>APPENDIX D. CHECKLIST FOR SELECTING A FACILITY LOCATION 342</p>
<p>APPENDIX E. CHECKLIST FOR SELECTING THE PROCESS UNIT LAYOUT WITHIN A FACILITY 347</p>
<p>APPENDIX F. CHECKLIST FOR SELECTING THE EQUIPMENT LAYOUT WITHIN A PROCESS UNIT 349</p>
<p>INDEX 351</p>