Smith′s Textbook of Endourology 4e

<p>List of Contributors</p>
<p>Foreword</p>
<p>Preface</p>
<p>About the Companion Website</p>
<p>SECTION 1: BASIC PRINCIPLES</p>
<p>1. Care and Sterilization of Instruments<br />Carol Olsen</p>
<p>2. Radiation Safety During Diagnosis and Treatment <br />Yasser A. Noureldin and Sero Andonian</p>
<p>3. Enhanced Endoscopic Imaging <br />Ghalib Jibara and Michael E. Lipkin</p>
<p>4. Preoperative Antibiotics and Prevention of Sepsis in Urologic Endoscopic Surgery <br />Manish N. Patel and Jorge Gutierrez–Aceves</p>
<p>5. Management of the Anticoagulated Patient <br />Zeph Okeke</p>
<p>SECTION 2: PERCUTANEOUS RENAL SURGERY</p>
<p>Part 1: Perioperative Considerations</p>
<p>6. Surgical Anatomy of the Kidney for Endourological Procedures <br />Francisco J.B. Sampaio</p>
<p>7. Nephrolithometric Scoring Systems for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy <br />Roshan Patel,&nbsp; Daniel J. Lama and Zhamshid Okhunov</p>
<p>8. Pathophysiology of Urinary Tract Obstruction <br />Frederick A. Gulmi and Diane Feslon</p>
<p>9. Organizing the Endourological Operating Room <br />Ravindra B. Sabnis, Abhishek Singh and Shashikant Mishra</p>
<p>10. Endoscopic Training/Simulation <br />Zichen Zhao and Robert M. Sweet</p>
<p>Part 2: Patient Positioning for Percutaneous Access</p>
<p>11. Patient Positioning, Supine and the Rationale of ECIRS <br />Cesare M. Scoffone and Cecilia M. Cracco</p>
<p>12. Prone, Lateral, and Flexed: Patient Positioning for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy <br />Robert J. Sowerby, A. Andrew Ray and R. John D A Honey</p>
<p>Part 3: Imaging for Access</p>
<p>13. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Under Fluoroscopic Control <br />Norbert O. Bernardo and Maximilian Lopez Silva</p>
<p>14. Dyna–CT Guided vs. Standard CT–Guided Renal Access <br />Manuel Ritter and Maurice–Stephan Michel</p>
<p>15. Endoscopic Guided Percutaneous Renal Access <br />Zhamshid Okhunov, Kamaljot S. Kaler, Simone Vernez, Rahul Dutta, Jaime Landman and Ralph V. Clayman</p>
<p>16. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Under Ultrasound <br />Mahesh R. Desai and Arvind Ganpule</p>
<p>17. New Concepts of Renal Access I Pad, GPS and Others <br />Estevao Lima, Pedro L. Rodgrigues, Marie–Clare Rassweiler and Joao L. Vilaca</p>
<p>Part 4: Selection of Access and Dilation</p>
<p>18. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Upper Pole Access <br />Davis P. Viprakasit and Nicole L. Miller</p>
<p>19. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Without Image Guidance <br />Arthur D. Smith</p>
<p>20. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Access Robotic <br />Michelle Jo Semins, Dan Stoiznovici and Brian R. Matlaga</p>
<p>21. Dilation of the Nephrostomy Tract <br />Peter Alken</p>
<p>Part 5: Stone Removal</p>
<p>22. Rigid and Flexible Nephroscopy <br />Timothy Y.I. Tran and Mantua Gupta</p>
<p>23. Percutaneous Antegrade Ureteroscopy <br />Burak Turna, Umit Eskidemir and Oktay Nazli</p>
<p>24. Small Caliber PNL: Mini, UMP and Microperc<br />Janak D. Desai and Arkadiusz Miernik</p>
<p>25. PCNL: Special Problems with Staghorns <br />Monica A. Farcas and Kenneth Pace</p>
<p>26. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Stone Extraction and Lithotripsy <br />Samir Derisavifard</p>
<p>27. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy in Children <br />Adam S. Howe,&nbsp; Jordan S. Gitlin and R. John D A. Honey</p>
<p>Part 6: other Uses of Nephrostomy Access</p>
<p>28. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy of Calyceal Diverticula, Infundibular Stenosis, Simple Cysts <br />Nadya E. York and James E. Lingeman</p>
<p>29. Percutaneous Instillation of Chemolytic, Chemotherapeutic, and Antifungal Agents <br />Mohamed A. Elkoushy and Sero Andonian</p>
<p>30. Percutaneous Treatment of Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction <br />Michael W. Sourial, Bodo E. Knudsen and Paul J. van Cangh</p>
<p>31. Percutaneous Management of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma <br />Piruz Motomedinia and Shu Pan</p>
<p>Part 7: Exit Strategy and Complications</p>
<p>32. The Access–related Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy <br />Vasudevan Vinaya, Okeke Zeph and Arthur D. Smith</p>
<p>33. Hemorrhagic Complications Associated with Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy <br />Sriram V. Eleswarapu and David A. Leavit</p>
<p>34. Diagnosis and Management of Thoracic Complications of Percutaneous Renal Surgery <br />John R. Bell and Stephen Y. Nakada</p>
<p>35. Bowel and other organ injuries with Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy <br />John J. Knoedler, Matthew T. Gettman&nbsp; and Chad J. Fleming</p>
<p>36. Exit strategies after Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Small N–tubes, Tubeless <br />Damien M. Bolton and Derek B. Hennessey</p>
<p>37. Problems with Residual Stones <br />Noah E. Canvasser and Margaret S. Pearle</p>
<p>SECTION 3: URETEROSCOPY</p>
<p>Part 1: General Principles</p>
<p>38. Ureteral Anatomy <br />Gary Faerber, Amir H. Lebastchi and Rita P. Jen</p>
<p>39. Rigid Ureteroscopes <br />Omar M. Aboumarzouk and Francis X. Keeley, Jr</p>
<p>40. Flexible Ureteroscopes <br />Vincent G. Bird and John M. Shields</p>
<p>41. Rigid Ureteroscope with Flexible Tip and Special Instrumentation <br />Yinghao Sun and Ziaofeng Gao</p>
<p>42. Digital Ureteroscopes <br />Murat Binbay and Burak Ucpinar</p>
<p>43. Ureteroscopy Working Instruments <br />Renato N. Pedro and Manoj Monga</p>
<p>44. Access to the Ureter: Rigid Ureteroscopy <br />Jose De La Cerda and Timothy Y. Tseng</p>
<p>45. Access to the ureter Flexible Ureteroscopy <br />Ojas Shah and Mark Silva</p>
<p>46. Ureteroscopy Energy Sources <br />Daniel A. Wollin and Glenn M. Preminger</p>
<p>47. Ureterorenoscopy Management of Ureteral Calculi <br />Gautam Jayram, Charles U. Nottingham, Melanie A. Adamsky, Richard J. Fantus and Glenn S. Gerber</p>
<p>48. Ureteroscopic Management of Renal Calculi <br />Steeve Doizi and Olivier Traxer</p>
<p>49. Diagnostic Ureteroscopy <br />Hendrik Heers and Benjamin W. Turney</p>
<p>50. Uteroscopic Diagnosis and Treatment of Upper Urinary Tract Neoplasms <br />Scott G. Hubosky and Demetrius H. Bagley</p>
<p>Part 2: Ureteroscopic Management of Ureteral Obstruction</p>
<p>51. Retrograde Endopyelotomy <br />Weil R. Lai and Raju Thomas</p>
<p>52. Endoscopic Management of Mid Ureteral Obstruction <br />Samuel Abourbih and D. Duane Baldwin</p>
<p>53. Endoscopic Management of Distal Ureteral Strictures <br />Michael Zhang, Ali Fathollahi, Joel Hillesohn and Majid Eshghi</p>
<p>54. Endoscopic Management of Ureteroenteric Strictures <br />Thomas Masterson and Robert Marcovich</p>
<p>55. Ureterorenoscopy – Ureteral Stents and Post–operative Care <br />Ben H. Chew, Anthony Emmott, Dirk Lange and Ryan F. Paterson</p>
<p>56. Ureteroscopy Complications <br />Joel E. Abbott and Roger L. Sur</p>
<p>57. Retrograde Intra–Renal Surgery (RIRS) in the Future Robotics <br />Anup Patel</p>
<p>SECTION 4: SHOCK–WAVE LITHOTRIPSY</p>
<p>58. Physics of Shock–Wave Lithotripsy <br />Andreas Neisius and Pei Zhong</p>
<p>59. Lithotripsy Systems</p>
<p>Geert G. Tailly</p>
<p>60. Shock–Wave Lithotripsy of Renal Calculi <br />Brian H. Eisner and Naren Nimmagadda</p>
<p>61. Shock–Wave Lithotripsy of Ureteral Calculi <br />Thomas Tailly and Hassan Razvi</p>
<p>62. Complications of Shock–Wave Lithotripsy <br />Christian Tuerk and Ale Pet&oslash;&iacute;k</p>
<p>SECTION 5: STONE MANAGEMENT IN UROLOGY</p>
<p>Part 1:&nbsp; General Principles</p>
<p>63. Natural History of Stones <br />Johann P. Ingimarsson and Amy E. Krambeck</p>
<p>64. Initial Choice of Therapy in the Stone Patient <br />Peter L. Steinberg and David M. Hoenig</p>
<p>65. Management of Urolithiasis in Pregnancy <br />Husain Alenezi and John D. Denstedt</p>
<p>66. Management of Renal Colic and Triage in the Emergency Department <br />Marius C. Conradie</p>
<p>Part 2:&nbsp; Management of Stones in Abnormal Situations</p>
<p>67. Management of Stones in Horseshoe Kidneys <br />Chandra Shekhar Biyani and Adrian D. Joyce</p>
<p>68. Pelvic Kidneys</p>
<p>Win Shun Lai, Vidhush K. Yarlagadda, and Dean G. Assimos</p>
<p>69. Management of Stone Disease in Renal Transplant Kidneys <br />Brian Duty and Michael Lam</p>
<p>70. Stone in Urinary Diversions <br />Bodo E. Knudsen and Michael W. Sourial</p>
<p>71. Management of Stones in Obesity <br />Omer L. Tuncay and Cenk Acar</p>
<p>Part 3:&nbsp; Cost Effectiveness and Long–term Stenting</p>
<p>72. Cost Effective Strategies for Stone Management <br />Justin I. Friedlander and Eric M. Ghiraldi</p>
<p>73. Long–Term Stenting of the Ureter <br />Panagiotis Kallidonis, Wissam Kamal, Dimitrios Kotsiris, Dimitrios Karnabatidis and Evangelos Liatsikos</p>
<p>SECTION 6: LAPAROSCOPY AND ROBOTIC SURGERY</p>
<p>Part 1: General Principles</p>
<p>74. New Surgical Robotics<br />Alabdulaal Ibrahim and Koon Ho Rha</p>
<p>75. Training and Credentialing Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery<br />Domenico Veneziano and David M. Hananel</p>
<p>76. Patient Preparation and Operating Room Set–up for Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery<br />Weil R. Lai and Benjamin R. Lee</p>
<p>77. Patient Preparation and Operating Room Set–up for Robotic Surgery<br />Dima Raskalnikov, Mahir Maruf and Arvin K. George</p>
<p>78. Physiologic Considerations in Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery<br />Adam G. Kaplan and Michael N. Ferrandino</p>
<p>79. Anesthetic Management During Laparoscopic /Robotic Surgery<br />Judith Aronsohn, Oonagh Dowling and Gregg Palleschi</p>
<p>Part 2: Instrumentation, Access and Exit</p>
<p>80. Laparoscopic Surgery: Basic Instrumentation<br />Ornob Roy</p>
<p>81. Robotic Surgery: Basic Instrumentation and Troubleshooting<br />Wooju Jeong, Mouafak Touorojman and Craig Rogers</p>
<p>82. Minimally Invasive Reconstructive Techniques: Suture, Staple and Clip Technology<br />Ali A. Raheem and Koon Ho Rha</p>
<p>83. Transperitoneal Access and Trocar Placement<br />Angelo Territo and Alberto Breda</p>
<p>84. Retroperitoneal Access and Trocar Placement<br />Lambros Stamatakis and Soroush Rais–Bahrami</p>
<p>85. Basic Hand Assisted Laparoscopic Techniques<br />Sapan N. Ambani and J. Stuart Wolf, Jr</p>
<p>86. Laparoscopic Exit: Specimen Removal, Closure and Drainage<br />Fernando J. Kim, Riccardo Autorino and Rodrigo Donalisio da Silva</p>
<p>Part 3 Complication</p>
<p>87. Complications in Urologic Laparoscopy<br />David Canes, Camilo Gedelman and Rene J. Sotelo</p>
<p>88. Complications of Laparoscopic Including Robotics<br />Friedrich–Carl von Rundstedt, Richard E. Link and Marcelo Chen</p>
<p>Part 4: Laparoscopy/Robotics for Malignant Disease</p>
<p>89. Pelvic Lymphadenectomy<br />Marc Manganiello and Andrew Wagner</p>
<p>90. Endoscopic Subcutaneous Modified Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection (ESMIL) for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Penis<br />Jay T. Bishoff and Kefu Du</p>
<p>91. Laparoscopic and Robotic Retroperitoneal Lymph Node Dissection<br />James R. Porter</p>
<p>92. Laparoscopic Radical Nephrectomy<br />Simpa S. Salami</p>
<p>93. Robotic Partial Nephrectomy: Advancements in Innovations<br />Sameer Chopra, Mehar Bains and Inderbir S. Gill</p>
<p>94. Intraoperative Assessment of Tumor Resection Margins<br />Ilan Z. Kafka and Timothy D. Averch</p>
<p>95. Laparoscopic Radical Nephroureterectomy<br />Wayland J. Wu and Jessica E. Kreshover</p>
<p>96. Laparoscopic and Robotic Radical Cystectomy in Males and Females<br />Douglas S. Scherr, David M. Golombos and Abimbola Ayangbesan</p>
<p>97. Robot–Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Cystectomy<br />Manish A. Vira and Paras H. Shah</p>
<p>98. Laparoscopic Cystoprostatectomy with Intracorporeal Ileal Conduit<br />Alvin C. Goh, Brian J. Miles&nbsp; and Arun Rai</p>
<p>99. Laparoscopic/Robotic Continent Diversion<br />Christopher R. Reynolds and Ashok K. Hemal</p>
<p>100.&nbsp; Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy<br />Jens Rassweiler, Giovannalberto Pini, Marcel Fiedler, Ali Serdar Goezen and Dogu Teber</p>
<p>101.&nbsp; Robotic Assisted Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy<br />Zeyad Schwen and Misop Han</p>
<p>102.&nbsp; Optimizing Outcomes During Laparoscopic and Robot–Assisted Radical Prostatectomy<br />Matthew Goland–Van Ryn, Daniel Rosen, T. Bessede and Ash Tewari</p>
<p>Part 5: Laparoscopy/Robotics for Benign Disease</p>
<p>103. Laparoscopic and Robotic Reconstructive Ureteral Surgery: Basic Principles<br />Aaron C. Weinberg, Yuka Yamaguchi, Lee C. Zhao and Michael D. Stifelman</p>
<p>104. Laparoscopic Applications to Renal Calculus Disease<br />Christopher S. Han and Sammy E. Elsamra</p>
<p>105.&nbsp; Laparoscopic Treatment of Renal Cysts and Diverticula<br />Salvator Micali, Eugenio Martorana, Giacomo M. Pirola and Giampaolo Bianchi</p>
<p>106.&nbsp; Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques for Management of Pelvic Organ Prolapse<br />Sandeep Gurram and Farzeen Firoozi</p>
<p>107. Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques for Repair of Female Genitourinary Fistulas<br />Chad Baxter and Vishnukamal Golla</p>
<p>108. Laparoscopic, Laparoendoscopic Single Site, and Robotic–Assisted Living Donor Nephrectomy<br />Ganesh Sivarajan and Ravi Munver</p>
<p>109. Robot Kidney Transplantation<br />Rajesh Ahlawat, Sohrab Arora and Mani Menon</p>
<p>110. Minimally Invasive Surgery for Benign Prostate Disease: Laparoscopic and Robotic Techniques<br />Mark Ferretti, Amul Bhalodi and John Phillips</p>
<p>111. Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy<br />Tadashi Matsuda, Hidefumi Kinoshita, Yoshihide Kawasaki and Akira Miyajima</p>
<p>112. Laparoscopic and Robotic Surgery of the Seminal Vesicles<br />Eric H. Kim,&nbsp; R. Sherburne Figenshau and Gerald L. Andriole</p>
<p>113.&nbsp; Modern Techniques in Abdominal Wall Hernia Repair; A Guide for the Practicing Endourologist<br />Douglas Held</p>
<p>114. Robotic Assisted Vasectomy Reversal<br />Parviz K. Kavoussi</p>
<p>Part 6: Laparoscopy/Robotics in Children</p>
<p>115. Laparoscopic Considerations in Childre<br />Rajeev Chaudhry, Michelle Yu and Michael C. Ost</p>
<p>116. Laparoscopic and Robotic Pyeloplasty in Children<br />Kai–wen Chuang</p>
<p>117. Lower Ureteral Reconstruction: Robotic surgery<br />S. Duke Herrell</p>
<p>118. Laparoscopic Management of the Undescended Testicle<br />Brian A. VanderBrink</p>
<p>119. Laparoscopic Varicocelectomy<br />Bradley A. Morganstern and Lane S. Palmer</p>
<p>Part 7: Laparoscopy and Robotics––LESS and NOTES</p>
<p>120. Laparoendoscopic Single–Site&nbsp; Ports, Access and instrumentation<br />Noah E. Canvasser and Jeffrey A. Cadeddu</p>
<p>121. Laparoendoscopic Single–Site&nbsp; Upper Tract Surgery<br />Christian Tabib, Geoffrey S. Gaunay and Lee Richstone</p>
<p>122. Laparoendoscopic Single–Site (R–LESS): Lower Urinary Tract Surgery<br />Daniel Ramirez,&nbsp; Matthew J. Maurice and Jihad H. Kaouk</p>
<p>SECTION 7: IMAGE–GUIDED DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTICS</p>
<p>Part 1: Upper Tract</p>
<p>123. Diagnosis of Renal Masses: Radiological<br />Gail S. Smith, Carolyn S. Donaldson and Richard M. Gore</p>
<p>124. Renal Mass Biopsy<br />M. Pilar Laguna and Jean de la Rosette</p>
<p>125. Radiofrequency Ablation of Renal Tumors<br />Ryan L. Steinberg and Chad R. Tracy</p>
<p>126. Percutaneous Cryoablation of Renal Masses<br />David N. Siegel and Alok A. Anand</p>
<p>Part 2: Angio–embolization in Urology</p>
<p>127. Gonadal Vein Embolization<br />Pratik A. Shukla,&nbsp; Gajan Sivananthan and Ardeshi R. Rastinehad</p>
<p>128. Renal Angiography and Embolization<br />Igor Lobko and Anthony D. Mohabir</p>
<p>129. Selective Arterial Prostatic Embolization for BPH<br />Robert C. Blue, Aaron M. Fischman and Ardeshir R. Rastinehad</p>
<p>Part 3: Focal Therapy Lower Tract</p>
<p>130. The role and methodology of multiparametric MRI and fusion–guided biopsy in the management of prostate cancer patients<br />Raju R. Chelluri, Arvin K. George, Joseph A. Baiocco, Baris Turkbey and Peter A. Pinto,</p>
<p>131. Focal Therapy of Prostate Cancer<br />Kae Jack Tay and Thomas J. Polascik</p>
<p>132. Focal Laser Ablation for Carcinoma of Prostate<br />Tonye A. Jones, Shyam Natarajan and Leonard S. Marks</p>
<p>133. Image guided Prostate Brachytherapy<br />Michael R. Folkert,&nbsp; Neil B. Desai and Yoshiya Yamada</p>
<p>134. Image–guided External Beam Radiotherapy<br />Brett Cox, Lucille Lee and Louis Potters</p>
<p>135. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound of the Prostate<br />Edward J. Bass, Hashim U. Ahmed and Mark Emberton</p>
<p>136. Cryotherapy of the Prostate<br />Daniel B. Rukstalis</p>
<p>137. Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate<br />Rajan Ramanathan, Yaw. A. Nyame and J. Stephen Jones</p>
<p>138. Contrast–enhanced Ultrasound in Urology<br />Rogier R. Wildeboer, Jean de la Rosette, Massimo Mischi and Hessel Wijkstra</p>
<p>139. Prostatic Magnetic Imaging Principles<br />Sonia Gaur, Baris Turkbey and Peter L. Choyke</p>
<p>140. Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Assessment<br />Henry Tran, Matthew Rutman, Doreen E. Chung and Jerry G. Blaivas</p>
<p>141. Office Based Cystoscopy: Continued Advances<br />Judson D. Davies and Sam S. Chang</p>
<p>142. Equipment Setup and Patient Handouts<br />John R. Schwabe, Amanda P. Hughes, Crystal R. Combs and Gopal H. Badlani</p>
<p>143. Local Anesthesia for Minimally Invasive Treatment of The Prostate in the Office Setting<br />Arun Rai, Jay Hollander, Damon Dyche and Ricardo R. Gonzalez</p>
<p>144. Laser in BPH Treatment: Basic Principles<br />Christopher Netsch, Bilal Chughtai, Alexis E. Te and Ahmed M. Elshal</p>
<p>145. Holmium Laser Therapy of the Prostate<br />Ahmed M. Elshal and Mostafa M. Elhilali</p>
<p>146. C532–nm High–PowerTransurethral Laser Prostatectomy<br />Bilal Chughtai, Dominique Thomas and Alexis E. Te</p>
<p>147. Thulium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate<br />Andreas J. Gross and Christopher Netsch</p>
<p>148. The Prostatic Urethral Lift Procedure using the Urolift Implants: Novel Minimally Invasive Therapy for BPH<br />Daniel B. Rukstalis</p>
<p>149. Goals and Expectations of Ablation techniques, and Emerging Therapies for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: An editorial<br />Catriona I. MacRae and Peter Gilling</p>
<p>150. Monopolar Transurethral Resection of Prostate<br />Madhu S. Agrawal and Dilip K. Mishra</p>
<p>151. Ablation of Prostate: Bipolar Resection<br />Jaspreet S. Sandhu</p>
<p>152. Bipolar Vaporization of Prostate<br />Ahmet Karakeci, Kyle Richards and Gopal H. Badlani</p>
<p>153. Single Port for Prostate Surgery<br />Rene J. Sotelo, Oscar D. Mart&iacute;n Garz&oacute;n, Camilo Giedelman, Fatima Z. Hussain and Mihir Desai</p>
<p>154. Bladder Injections for Refractory Overactive Bladder Intra– and Trans–vesical Procedures<br />Adam Althaus and Anurag K. Das</p>
<p>155. STING Procedure for Reflux<br />Steve J. Hodges</p>
<p>156. Minimally Invasive Therapy for Bladder Pain Syndrome (Interstitial Cystitis)<br />Ricardo Palmerola, Sandeep Gurram and Robert Moldwin</p>
<p>157. New Techniques for Resecting Bladder Tumors<br />Alexey G. Martov, Dmitry V. Ergakov, Nikolay A. Baykov and Zhamshid Okhunov</p>
<p>158. Incision: Endoscopic Management of Urethral Stenoses<br />Gerald H. Jordan and Kurt A. McCammon</p>
<p>159. Endoscopic Management of Bladder Neck Contracture Following Radical Prostatectomy<br />Susan MacDonald, R. Caleb Kovell, Joseph Tortora and Ryan Terlecki</p>
<p>160. Single–Incision Slings<br />Michael J. Kennelly and Dina A. Bastawros</p>
<p>161. Bio–injectables for SUI: (Stress Urinary Incontinence)<br />Ryan Dobbs, Simone Crivello and John J. Smith</p>
<p>162. Mid–urethral Slings for the Treatment of Female Stress Incontinence<br />Alice Drain and Victor W. Nitti</p>
<p>163. Maxi/Pubovaginal Sling<br />Gopal H. Badlani and Joao P. Zambon</p>
<p>164. Mesh Complications Associated with Vaginal Prolapse Surgery<br />Jeffrey S. Schachar and G. Willy Davila</p>
<p>165. Male Slings for Treatment of Post–Prostatectomy Incontinence<br />Ajay K. Singla and Nirmish Singla</p>
<p>166. Neuromodulation<br />Anurag K. Das and Dayron Rodriguez</p>