Nanostructured Polymer Membranes – Volume 1, Proccessing and Characterization

<p>Preface xv</p>
<p>1 Processing and Characterizations: State–of–the–Art and New Challenges 1<br /> Visakh. P. M.</p>
<p>1.1 Membrane: Technology and Chemistry 1</p>
<p>1.2 Characterization of Membranes 3</p>
<p>1.3 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 4</p>
<p>1.4 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 5</p>
<p>1.5 Organic Membranes and Polymers to Remove Pollutants 7</p>
<p>1.6 Membranes for CO2 Separation 8</p>
<p>1.7 Polymer Nanomembranes 9</p>
<p>1.8 Liquid Membranes 11</p>
<p>1.9 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 12</p>
<p>1.10 Membrane Distillation 13</p>
<p>1.11 Alginate–based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 14</p>
<p>References 15</p>
<p>2 Membrane Technology and Chemistry 27<br /> Manuel Palencia, Alexander C&oacute;rdoba and Myleidi Vera</p>
<p>2.1 Introduction 27</p>
<p>2.2 Membrane Technology: Fundamental Concepts 28</p>
<p>2.3 Separation Mechanisms 33</p>
<p>2.4 Chemical Nature of Membrane 41</p>
<p>2.5 Surface Treatment of Membranes 42</p>
<p>2.6 Conclusions 48</p>
<p>References 48</p>
<p>3 Characterization of Membranes 55<br /> Derya Y. Koseoglu–Imer, Ismail Koyuncu, Reyhan Sengur–Tasdemir, Serkan Guclu, Recep Kaya, Mehmet Emin Pasaoglu and Turker Turken</p>
<p>3.1 Introduction 56</p>
<p>3.2 Physical Methods for Characterizing Pore Size of Membrane 56</p>
<p>3.3 Membrane Chemical Structure 67</p>
<p>3.4 Conclusions 85</p>
<p>References 85</p>
<p>4 Ceramic and Inorganic Polymer Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 89<br /> Chiam–Wen Liew and S. Ramesh</p>
<p>4.1 Introduction 90</p>
<p>4.2 Recent Developments in Filler–doped Polymer Electrolytes 95</p>
<p>4.3 Methodology 105</p>
<p>4.4 Results and Discussion 109</p>
<p>4.5 Conclusions 127</p>
<p>Acknowledgment 128</p>
<p>References 128</p>
<p>5 Supramolecular Membranes: Synthesis and Characterizations 137<br /> Cher Hon Lau, Matthew Hill and Kristina Konstas</p>
<p>5.1 Overview 138</p>
<p>5.2 Supramolecular Materials 138</p>
<p>5.3 Supramolecular Membranes 157</p>
<p>5.4 Membrane Fabrication Using Supramolecular Chemistry 170</p>
<p>5.5 Conclusions 184</p>
<p>References 186</p>
<p>6 Organic Membranes and Polymers for the Removal of Pollutants 203<br /> Bernab&eacute; L. Rivas, Julio S&aacute;nchez and Manuel Palencia</p>
<p>6.1 Membranes: Fundamental Aspects 204</p>
<p>6.2 Liquid–phase Polymer–based Retention (LPR) 212</p>
<p>6.3 Applications for Removal of Specific Pollutants 216</p>
<p>6.4 Future Perspectives 228</p>
<p>6.5 Conclusions 228</p>
<p>Acknowledgments 228</p>
<p>References 228</p>
<p>7 Membranes for CO2 Separation 237<br /> Abedalkhader Alkhouzaam, Majeda Khraisheh, Mert Atilhan, Shaheen A. Al–Muhtaseb and Syed Javaid Zaidi</p>
<p>7.1 Introduction 238</p>
<p>7.2 Fundamentals of Membrane Gas Separation 239</p>
<p>7.3 Polymeric Membranes for CO2 Separation 245</p>
<p>7.4 Mixed Matrix Membranes 258</p>
<p>7.5 Supported Ionic Liquid Membranes (SILMs) for CO2 Separation 263</p>
<p>7.6 Conclusion 278</p>
<p>7.7 Overall Comparison and Future Outlook 279</p>
<p>Abbreviations 282</p>
<p>References 285</p>
<p>8 Polymer Nanomembranes 293<br /> Giuseppe Firpo and Ugo Valbusa</p>
<p>8.1 Introduction 293</p>
<p>8.2 Materials 294</p>
<p>8.3 Nanomembrane Fabrication 298</p>
<p>8.4 Characterization 304</p>
<p>8.5 Applications 310</p>
<p>References 316</p>
<p>9 Liquid Membranes 329<br /> Jiangnan Shen, Lijing Zhu, Lixin Xue and Congjie Gao</p>
<p>9.1 Introduction 329</p>
<p>9.2 Most Recent Developments 330</p>
<p>9.3 Liquid Membranes Based Separation Processes 330</p>
<p>9.4 Conclusion 379</p>
<p>References 379</p>
<p>10 Recent Progress in Separation Technology Based on Ionic Liquid Membranes 391<br /> M.J. Salar–Garc&iacute;a, V.M. Ortiz–Mart&iacute;nez, A. P&eacute;rez de los R&iacute;os and F.J. Hern&aacute;ndez–Fern&aacute;ndez</p>
<p>10.1 Introduction 392</p>
<p>10.2 Ionic Liquid Properties 393</p>
<p>10.3 Bulk Ionic Liquid Membranes 395</p>
<p>10.4 Emulsified Ionic Liquid Membranes 397</p>
<p>10.5 Immobilized Ionic Liquid Membranes 400</p>
<p>10.6 Green Aspect of Ionic Liquids 410</p>
<p>10.7 Conclusions 411</p>
<p>Acknowledgments 411</p>
<p>References 412</p>
<p>11 Membrane Distillation 419<br /> Mohammadali Baghbanzadeh, Christopher Q. Lan, Dipak Rana and Takeshi Matsuura</p>
<p>11.1 Introduction 419</p>
<p>11.2 Applications of Membrane Distillation Technology 420</p>
<p>11.3 Different Kinds of Membrane Distillation Configurations 422</p>
<p>11.4 Distillation Membranes 432</p>
<p>11.5 Transport Phenomena in MD 439</p>
<p>11.6 Conclusion 450</p>
<p>References 450</p>
<p>12 Alginate–based Films and Membranes: Preparation, Characterization and Applications 457<br /> Jiwei Li and Jinmei He</p>
<p>12.1 Introduction 457</p>
<p>12.2 Recent Development 459</p>
<p>12.3 Applications 468</p>
<p>12.4 Conclusion 473</p>
<p>References 474</p>
<p>Index 491</p>