Differential Geometry of Curves and Surfaces

Chapter 1 Curves in a 3-dimensional Euclidean space and in the plane: Preliminaries.- Definition and methods of curves presentation.- Tangent line and an osculating plane.- Length of a curve.- Problems: plane convex curves.- Curvature of a curve.- Problems: curvature of plance curves.- Torsion of a curve.- Frenet formulas and the natural equation of a curve.- Problems: space curves- Phase length of a curve and Fenchel-Reshetnyak inequality.- Exercises Chapter 2 Extrinsic geometry of surfaces in a 3-dimensional Euclidean space.- Definition and methods of generating surfaces.- Tangent plane.- First fundamental form of a surface.- Second fundamental form of a surface.- The third fundamental form of a surface.- Classes of surfaces.- Some classes of curves on a surface.- The main equations of the surfaces theory.- Appendix: Indicatrix of a surface of revolution.- Exercises Chapter 3 Intrinsic geometry of surfaces.- Introducing notions.-Covariant derivative of a vector field.- Parallel translation of a vector along a curve on a surface.- Geodesics.- Shortest paths and geodesics.- Special coordinate system.- Gauss-Bonet theorem and comparison theorem for the angles of a triangle.- Local comparison theorems for triangle.- Alexandrov comparison theorem for the angles of a triangle.- Problems.- Bibliography.- Index