Carcinogenesis

Carcinogens, like chemicals with other toxic hazards, often produce adverse effects only in specific organs or tissues. The factors determining whether a chemical induces cancer in an organ range from simple toxicokinetics to complex phenomena such as expression or lack of expression of specific genes.; This volume examines the site-specific factors involved in carcinogenesis in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, urinary bladder, respiratory system, skin, nervous system, male reproductive system, and haematopoietic system. For each organ, the book provides current information on chemicals causally associated with cancer, mechanisms of carcinogenesis, and pathophysiology of induced tumours, and identifies the processes determining susceptibility in the organ. Full consideration is also given to the procedures used in animal carcinogenesis studies and the extrapolation of the results to humans.