A Grammar of Old English – Morphology V2
Morphology
Samenvatting
A Grammar of Old English, Volume II: Morphology completes Richard M. Hogg′s two–volume analysis of the sounds and grammatical forms of the Old English language.
Incorporates insights derived from the latest theoretical and technological advances, which post–date most Old English grammars
Utilizes the databases of the Toronto Dictionary of Old English project – a digital corpus comprising at least one copy of each text surviving in Old English
Features separation of diachronic and synchronic considerations in the sometimes complicated analysis of Old English noun morphology
Includes extensive bibliographical coverage of Old English morphology
Specificaties
Inhoudsopgave
<p>Acknowledgments xii</p>
<p>List of abbreviations xiii</p>
<p>1 Preliminaries 1</p>
<p>2 Nouns: Stem Classes 7</p>
<p>I Early backgrounds (§§1 9) 7</p>
<p>II Vocalic stems (§§10 77) 14</p>
<p>1 a–stem nouns (§§10 33) 14</p>
<p>(a) Simple a–stems (§§11 18) 14</p>
<p>(b) ja–stems (§§19 26) 18</p>
<p>(c) wa–stems (§§27 33) 22</p>
<p>2 d–stem nouns (§§34 54) 26</p>
<p>(a) Simple d–stems (§§35 44) 26</p>
<p>(b) jd–stems (§§45 51) 32</p>
<p>(c) wd–stems (§§52 4) 36</p>
<p>3 i–stem nouns (§§55 70) 37</p>
<p>4 u–stem nouns (§§71 7) 46</p>
<p>III Consonantal stems (§§78 114) 48</p>
<p>1 n–stem nouns (§§78 90) 48</p>
<p>(a) dn–stems (§§80 7) 49</p>
<p>(b) cn–stems (§§88 90) 54</p>
<p>2 r–stem nouns (§§91 4) 55</p>
<p>3 s–stem nouns (§§95 101) 58</p>
<p>4 þ–stem nouns (§§102 3) 61</p>
<p>5 nd–stem nouns (§§104 8) 62</p>
<p>6 Root–stem nouns (§§109 14) 64</p>
<p>3 Nouns: Declensions 69</p>
<p>I Introduction (§§1 6) 69</p>
<p>II as–declension (§§7 72) 72</p>
<p>1 Inflexions (§§8 11) 73</p>
<p>2 Allomorphic variation (§§12 72) 75</p>
<p>(a) Restoration of A (§§14 17) 76</p>
<p>(b) Palatalization (§§18 20) 77</p>
<p>(c) Back umlaut (§§21 4) 78</p>
<p>(d) Loss of [h] (§§25 9) 80</p>
<p>(e) Devoicing (§§30 1) 83</p>
<p>(f) Nominative singular in –e (§§32 8) 83</p>
<p>(g) Geminate consonants (§§39 41) 86</p>
<p>(h) Nominative singular in –u (§42) 88</p>
<p>(i) Nominative singular in –w (§§43 9) 88</p>
<p>(j) Apocope (§§50 1) 92</p>
<p>(k) Double plurals (§§52 5) 93</p>
<p>(l) Disyllabic nouns (§§56 72) 95</p>
<p>III a–declension (§§73 104) 109</p>
<p>1 Inflexions (§§74 80) 109</p>
<p>2 Allomorphic variation (§§81 104) 112</p>
<p>(a) Restoration of A (§§83 4) 113</p>
<p>(b) Palatalization (§85) 114</p>
<p>(c) Back umlaut (§§86 7) 114</p>
<p>(d) Loss of [h] and final devoicing (§§88 9) 115</p>
<p>(e) Geminate consonants (§§90 1) 116</p>
<p>(f) Stem–final /w/ (§§92 4) 117</p>
<p>(g) Apocope (§§95 9) 119</p>
<p>(h) Disyllabic nouns (§§100 4) 122</p>
<p>IV an–declension (§§105 16) 124</p>
<p>1 Inflexions (§§106 15) 124</p>
<p>2 Allomorphic variation (§116) 129</p>
<p>V Minor declensions (§§117 31) 129</p>
<p>1 Minor a–plurals (§§117 21) 129</p>
<p>2 Mutation plurals (§§122 7) 132</p>
<p>3 Miscellanea (§§128 31) 136</p>
<p>VI Gender and declension (§§132 43) 138</p>
<p>1 Gender (§§133 9) 138</p>
<p>2 Declension (§§140 3) 142</p>
<p>VII Nominal compounding (§§144 7) 143</p>
<p>4 Adjectives, Adverbs and Numerals 146</p>
<p>I Introduction (§§1 3) 146</p>
<p>II Indefinite (strong) adjectives (§§4 56) 147</p>
<p>1 Historical origins (§§4 8) 147</p>
<p>2 Inflexions (§§9 20) 149</p>
<p>3 Allomorphic variation (§§21 56) 154</p>
<p>(a) Restoration of A (§§22 4) 154</p>
<p>(b) Loss of [x] (§§25 30) 155</p>
<p>(c) Nominative singular in –e (§§31 5) 159</p>
<p>(d) Geminate consonants (§§36 7) 162</p>
<p>(e) Nominative singular masculine in –u (§§38 9) 162</p>
<p>(f) Nominative singular in –w (§40) 163</p>
<p>(g) Apocope (§§41 3) 164</p>
<p>(h) Disyllabic and polysyllabic stems (§§44 52) 165</p>
<p>(i) Past participles (§§53 6) 171</p>
<p>III Definite (weak) adjectives (§§57 60) 172</p>
<p>1 Historical origins and inflexions (§§57 9) 172</p>
<p>2 Allomorphic variation (§60) 173</p>
<p>IV Comparison of adjectives (§§61 75) 174</p>
<p>1 Historical origins (§§61 4) 174</p>
<p>2 Variation in Old English (§§65 75) 177</p>
<p>V Adverbs (§§76 9) 183</p>
<p>VI Numerals (§§80 91) 185</p>
<p>1 Cardinals (§§80 9) 185</p>
<p>2 Ordinals (§§90 1) 189</p>
<p>5 Pronouns 191</p>
<p>I Introduction (§§1 2) 191</p>
<p>II Demonstrative pronouns (§§3 13) 192</p>
<p>III The anaphoric pronoun (§§14 17) 197</p>
<p>IV Interrogative pronouns (§§18 21) 200</p>
<p>V Personal pronouns (§§22 32) 202</p>
<p>VI Indefinite pronouns (§§33 7) 207</p>
<p>VII Other pronominal types (§§38 9) 209</p>
<p>6 Verbs 210</p>
<p>I Early background (§§1 5) 210</p>
<p>II Strong verbs (§§6 76) 213</p>
<p>1 Inflexions (§§6 30) 213</p>
<p>(a) Indicative present (§§11 20) 216</p>
<p>(b) Indicative preterite (§§21 2) 222</p>
<p>(c) Subjunctive (§§23 5) 223</p>
<p>(d) Imperative (§26) 224</p>
<p>(e) Non–finite forms (§§27 30) 224</p>
<p>2 Stems (§§31 76) 225</p>
<p>(a) Ablaut patterns (§§33 6) 227</p>
<p>(b) Variant stem types (§§37 42) 231</p>
<p>(i) Weak presents (§37) 231</p>
<p>(ii) Contracted verbs (§§38 41) 231</p>
<p>(iii) Alternations under Verner s Law (§42) 234</p>
<p>(c) Classes of strong verbs (§§43 76) 234</p>
<p>(i) Class 1 (§§43 6) 234</p>
<p>(ii) Class 2 (§§47 50) 236</p>
<p>(iii) Class 3 (§§51 7) 239</p>
<p>(iv) Class 4 (§§58 60) 243</p>
<p>(v) Class 5 (§§61 4) 246</p>
<p>(vi) Class 6 (§§65 8) 248</p>
<p>(vii) Class 7 (§§69 76) 251</p>
<p>III Weak verbs (§§77 130) 258</p>
<p>1 Weak class I (§§78 103) 258</p>
<p>(a) Inflexions (§§80 8) 260</p>
<p> (b) Stems (§§89 103) 265</p>
<p>(i) Stems with original geminate (§92) 266</p>
<p>(ii) Stems in dental consonant (§§93 5) 267</p>
<p>(iii) Stems in original final sonorant (§§96 8) 268</p>
<p>(iv) Contracted verbs with loss of [h] (§99) 272</p>
<p>(v) Stems in final velar consonant (§§100 3) 273</p>
<p>2 Weak class II (§§104 20) 279</p>
<p>(a) Inflexions (§§106 13) 279</p>
<p>(b) Stems (§§114 20) 284</p>
<p>3 Weak class III (§§121 30) 289</p>
<p>(a) Inflexions (§122 26) 290</p>
<p>(b) Stems (§§127 30) 294</p>
<p>IV Preterite–present verbs (§§131 44) 299</p>
<p>1 Inflexion and classes (§§132 40) 300</p>
<p>(a) Classes 1 and 2 (§§133 4) 300</p>
<p>(b) Class 3 (§§135 6) 302</p>
<p>(c) Classes 4 and 5 (§§137 8) 303</p>
<p>(d) Classes 6 and 7 (§§139 40) 305</p>
<p>2 Historical development (§§141 4) 306</p>
<p>V Athematic verbs (§§145 63) 308</p>
<p>1 The verb bbon, wesan (§§146 51) 309</p>
<p>2 The verb ddn (§§152 5) 314</p>
<p>3 The verb gan (§§156 9) 317</p>
<p>4 The verb willan (§§160 3) 320</p>
<p>References 323</p>
<p>Word index 342</p>
<p>Subject index 383</p>