Lightning

Preface; 1. Introduction; 2. Incidence of lightning; 3. Electrical structure of lightning-producing clouds; 4. Downward negative lightning discharges to ground; 5. Positive and bipolar lightning discharges to ground; 6. Upward lightning initiated by ground-based objects; 7. Artificial initiation (triggering) of lightning by ground-based activity; 8. Winter lightning in Japan; 9. Cloud discharges; 10. Lightning and airborne vehicles; 11. Thunder; 12. Modelling of lightning processes; 13. The distant lightning electromagnetic environment: atmospherics, Schumann resonances and whistlers; 14. Lightning effects in the middle and upper atmosphere; 15. Lightning effects on the chemistry of the atmosphere; 16. Extraterrestrial lightning; 17. Lightning locating systems; 18. Deleterious effects of lightning and protective techniques; 19. Lightning hazards to humans and animals; 20. Ball lightning, bead lightning, and other unusual discharges; Appendix. books on lightning and related subjects; Subjects; Index.