Anatomy and Normal Variants<br>Anatomy<br>Breast Overview<br>Embryology and Normal Development<br>Nipple-Areolar Complex and Skin<br>Segmental Anatomy<br>Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall<br>Neurovascular Supply<br>Lymph Nodes and Lymphatics<br>Axilla<br>Normal Variants<br>Axillary Breast Tissue<br>Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall Variants<br>Sternalis Muscle<br>Imaging<br>Modalities<br>Mammography: Positioning<br>Mammography: Diagnostic<br>Tomosynthesis<br>Contrast-Enhanced Mammography/Tomosynthesis<br>Ultrasound<br>Elastography<br>Automated Breast Ultrasound<br>Magnetic Resonance Imaging<br>Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (MR)<br>MR Spectroscopy<br>Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI and BSGI)<br>Dedicated Breast PET (PEM)<br>PET/CT<br>Interpretive Criteria<br>Approach to the Lexicons of Breast Imaging<br>Mammography BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage<br>Ultrasound BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage<br>MR BI-RADS Lexicon and Usage<br>Probably Benign Lesions<br>Molecular Breast Imaging Lexicon (Includes BSGI)<br>Breast PET Lexicon and Usage<br>Lesion Imaging Characteristics<br>Masses<br>Circumscribed and Obscured Margins<br>Intramammary Lymph Node<br>Fat-Containing Mass<br>Microlobulated Margins<br>Indistinct Margins<br>Spiculated Margins<br>High-Density Mass<br>Calcifications, Typically Benign<br>Typically Benign Calcifications<br>Round Calcifications<br>Milk of Calcium<br>Calcifications, Not Typically Benign<br>Punctate Calcifications<br>Coarse Heterogeneous Calcifications<br>Amorphous Calcifications<br>Fine Pleomorphic Calcifications<br>Fine Linear Calcifications<br>Calcification Distribution<br>Diffuse Distribution of Calcifications<br>Regional Distribution of Calcifications<br>Grouped Distribution of Calcifications<br>Linear Distribution of Calcifications<br>Segmental Distribution of Calcifications<br>Additional Findings<br>One-View-Only Findings<br>Asymmetries<br>Developing Asymmetry<br>Architectural Distortion<br>Trabecular Thickening, Edema<br>Multiple Bilateral Similar Findings<br>Duct Ectasia<br>Solitary Dilated Duct<br>Ultrasound Lesion Characteristics<br>Margins, Not Circumscribed (US)<br>Echogenic Rim (US)<br>Lesion Orientation (US)<br>Posterior Acoustic Features: Enhancement & Shadowing (US)<br>Posterior Shadowing (US)<br>Echogenicity: Anechoic (US)<br>Echogenicity: Isoechoic, Hypoechoic, and Mixed (US)<br>Echogenicity: Hyperechoic (US)<br>Heterogeneous Internal Echogenicity (US)<br>Simple Cyst (US)<br>Complicated Cyst With Debris (US)<br>Clustered Microcysts (US)<br>Intraductal Mass (US)<br>Complex Cystic and Solid Masses<br>Calcifications (US)<br>MR Findings<br>Background Parenchymal Enhancement (MR)<br>T2 Hyperintensity (MR)<br>Kinetic Assessment (MR)<br>Dark Internal Septations (MR)<br>Rim Enhancement (MR)<br>Focus (MR)<br>Focal Area, Regional, and Diffuse Enhancement (MR)<br>Linear Enhancement (MR)<br>Segmental Enhancement (MR)<br>Clumped and Clustered Ring Enhancement (MR)<br>Clustered Ring Enhancement (MR) [DELETE AFTER WENDIE DONE WITH IT]<br>Histopathologic Diagnoses<br>Approach to Histopathologic Diagnoses<br>Benign Lesions<br>Tubular Adenoma and Nipple Adenoma<br>Adenosis, Sclerosing Adenosis, Microglandular Adenosis<br>Apocrine Metaplasia<br>Columnar Cell Lesions<br>Cyst, Ruptured/Inflamed<br>Fat Necrosis, Oil Cyst<br>Hamartoma (Fibroadenolipoma)<br>Fibroadenoma<br>Fibroadenomatoid Change<br>Fibrocystic Changes<br>Fibrosis<br>Hematoma<br>Lipoma and Angiolipoma<br>Myoepithelial Neoplasms<br>Myofibroblastoma<br>Papilloma, Benign<br>PASH<br>Risk Lesions<br>Radial Scar, Radial Sclerosing Lesions<br>Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia<br>Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia<br>Flat Epithelial Atypia<br>Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (Classic)<br>Mucocele-Like Lesions<br>Atypical Papilloma<br>Locally Aggressive Lesions<br>Fibromatosis<br>Granular Cell Tumor<br>Phyllodes Tumor: Benign<br>Malignant Lesions<br>DCIS, General<br>DCIS, Low Grade<br>DCIS, Intermediate Grade<br>DCIS, High Grade<br>DCIS, Micropapillary<br>Invasive Ductal Carcinoma NOS, General<br>Invasive Ductal Carcinoma NOS, Grade 1, 2, 3<br>Invasive Lobular Carcinoma<br>Invasive Lobular Carcinoma, Pleomorphic<br>Lobular Carcinoma In Situ, Pleomorphic<br>Mixed Invasive Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma<br>Apocrine Carcinoma<br>Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma<br>Luminal A and B Cancers<br>HER2-Positive Cancer<br>Triple-Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer<br>Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma<br>Medullary Carcinoma<br>Metaplastic Carcinoma<br>Mucinous Carcinoma<br>Tubular Carcinoma<br>Tubulolobular Carcinoma<br>Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma<br>Papillary Carcinoma, Invasive<br>Phyllodes Tumor: Borderline and Malignant<br>Sarcomas<br>Lymphoma, Primary Breast<br>Signs and Symptoms<br>Approach to Signs and Symptoms of Disease<br>Nipple<br>Nipple Discharge<br>Nipple Retraction and Inversion<br>Paget Disease of the Nipple<br>Skin<br>Epidermoid Cyst<br>Sebaceous Cyst<br>Skin Lesions, Other<br>Erythema<br>Skin Retraction<br>Skin Thickening<br>Axillary Adenopathy<br>Axillary Nodal Calcification<br>Metastatic Adenopathy, Unknown Primary<br>Breast<br>Palpable Lump or Thickening<br>Pain<br>Shrunken Breast<br>Vascular Entities<br>Mondor Disease<br>Benign Lesions of Vascular Origin<br>Postoperative and Post-Treatment Imaging<br>Approach to Postoperative Imaging Findings<br>Results of Benign Intervention<br>Benign Surgical Biopsy, Postoperative Imaging<br>Post-Core Biopsy and Clip Placement Imaging<br>Reduction Mammoplasty, Imaging<br>Implant, Saline<br>Implant, Silicone<br>Implant With Multiple Lumina<br>Implants and Cancer<br>Silicone Granuloma<br>Cosmetic Augmentation Injections<br>Results Following Treatment for Malignancies<br>Positive or Close Margins<br>Post Breast-Conserving Surgery<br>Recurrent Breast Carcinoma<br>Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy<br>Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation<br>Tissue Transfer Reconstruction Imaging<br>Special Topics<br>Hormonal Changes<br>Hormonal Manipulation<br>Gender Reassignment<br>Terminology and Imaging Appearance<br>Cancer and Screening in Transgendered Patients<br>Pregnancy<br>Galactocele<br>Lactation<br>Lactating Adenoma<br>Pregnancy-Associated Breast Cancer<br>Infections and Inflammation<br>Abscess<br>Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis<br>Mastitis<br>Unusual Infections<br>Breast Manifestations of Systemic Conditions<br>Weight Fluctuations<br>Diabetic Mastopathy/Lymphocytic Lobulitis<br>Collagen Vascular Disease<br>Breast Manifestations of Organ Failure<br>Sarcoid<br>Amyloid<br>Leukemia<br>Lymphoma, Secondary<br>Metastases to Breast<br>Trauma<br>Male Breast<br>Gynecomastia<br>Male, Breast Cancer<br>Male, Other Neoplasms<br>Artifacts<br>Artifacts: Mammography and Tomosynthesis<br>Artifacts: Ultrasound<br>Artifacts: MR<br>Artifacts: Nuclear Medicine<br>Imaging Safety<br>Radiation Dose and Safety: Mammography and Tomosynthesis<br>Gadolinium Safety<br>Contrast Reactions<br>Screening<br>Focused Issues in Screening<br>Approach to Screening<br>Risk Assessment Models<br>Screening Mammography<br>Screening Intervals: Annual vs. Biennial<br>Screening at Age Extremes (< 40, > 70 Years)<br>Screening in 5th Decade (40-49 Years)<br>Interval Cancers<br>Missed Cancers<br>CAD and Double Reading<br>Breast Density<br>Screening Ultrasound<br>Screening MR<br>Abbreviated Breast MR<br>Personal History of Breast Cancer Surveillance<br>Prior Chest Radiation Therapy, Surveillance<br>Genetics<br>Indications for Genetic Testing<br>BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers<br>Li-Fraumeni Syndrome<br>Gene Mutations Beyond BRCA<br>Genetic Testing Techniques (e.g., Oncotype, MammoPrint)<br>Treatment<br>Principles in Treatment<br>Approach to Breast Cancer<br>Staging: Breast<br>Pathology Overview<br>Surgery Overview<br>Radiation Therapy Overview<br>Oncology Overview (Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant)<br>Focused Issues in Treatment<br>Approach to Treatment Planning<br>Multifocal/Multicentric Breast Cancer<br>Extensive Intraductal Component<br>Contralateral Breast Cancer<br>Locally Advanced Breast Cancer<br>Pectoralis Muscle and Chest Wall Invasion<br>Skin Invasion<br>Inflammatory Breast Carcinoma<br>Internal Mammary Adenopathy<br>Metastatic Breast Cancer<br>Breast Cancer in Young Patients (< 40 Years)<br>Procedures<br>Image-Guided Procedures<br>Ductography<br>Cyst Aspiration<br>Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Breast<br>Skin Localization<br>Ultrasound-Guided Core Biopsy<br>Ultrasound-Guided Vaccum-Assisted Biopsy<br>Stereotactic Biopsy, Prone<br>Stereotactic Biopsy, Upright<br>MR-Guided Vacuum-Assisted Biopsy<br>MR-Directed Ultrasound<br>Imaging-Histopathologic Discordance<br>Preoperative Wire Localization, Mammography<br>Preoperative Wire Localization, Ultrasound<br>Preoperative Wire Localization, MR<br>Preoperative Localization, Tomosynthesis<br>Preoperative Radioactive Seed Localization<br>Preoperative Localization in Axilla<br>Preoperative Lesion Localization, Bracketing<br>Preoperative Magnetic, Other Nonradioactive Localization<br>Specimen Imaging<br>Image-Guided Thermal Ablation (and Cryotherapy)<br>Surgical Procedures<br>Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy<br>Axillary Lymph Node Dissection<br>Targeted Axillary Dissection<br>Breast-Conserving Surgery<br>Mastectomy<br>Oncoplastic Techniques<br>Reduction Mammoplasty, Procedure<br>TRAM and Other Flap Procedures