Western Civilization: Sources Images and Interpretations Volume 1 To 1700

<h1>***Contents preliminary<h2>PART I CIVILIZATIONS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD</h2><h3>Chapter One Civilizations of the Ancient Near East</h3><h4>Primary Sources<br>Using Primary Sources: Laws of Hammurabi</h4><h4>The Laws of Hammurabi<br>The Epic of Gilgamesh<br>Hymn to the Nile<br>Hymn to the Pharaoh<br>The Old Testament-Genesis and Exodus<br>The Aton Hymn and Psalm 104: The Egyptians and the Hebrews</h4><h4>Visual Sources<br>Using Visual Sources: The “Royal Standard” of Ur</h4><h4>Sumer: The “Royal Standard” of Ur (illustration)<br>Egyptian Wall Paintings from the Tomb of Menna (illustration)<br>The Environment and the Rise of Civilization in the Ancient Near East (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources<br>Using Secondary Sources: The Agricultural Revolution</h4><h4>Robert J. Braidwood, The Agricultural Revolution<br>William H. McNeill, The Process of Civilization<br>Herbert J. Muller, Freedom in the Ancient World: Civilization inSumer<br>Henri Frankfort and H.A. Frankfort, The Intellectual Adventure of AncientMan<br>Lionel Casson, Daily Life in Ancient Egypt: The Afterlife<br>Barbara S. Lesko, Women of Egypt and the Ancient Near East<br>Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews</h4><h3>Chapter Two: The Emergence of Greek Civilization</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Homer, The Iliad<br>Hesiod, Works and Days<br>A Colonization Agreement<br>Semonides of Amorgos, Poem on Women<br>Theognis of Megara, Aristocrats and Tyrants<br>Solon, Early Athens<br>Xenophon, Constitution of the Lacedaemonians</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Trade, Culture, and Colonization (photo)<br>Migration and Colonization (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Frank J. Frost, The End of the Mycenaean World</h4><h4>Finley Hooper, Greek Realities: The Homeric Epics<br>Sarah B. Pomeroy, et al., Social Values and Ethics in the "DarkAge" of Greece<br>C.M. Bowra, The Greek Experience: The Heroic Outlook</h4><h3>Chapter Three: Classical and Hellenistic Greece</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War: The Historical Method<br>Thucydides, The History of the Peloponnesian War: Athens During the GoldenAge<br>Sophocles, Antigone<br>Plato, The Republic<br>Aristotle, Politics<br>Xenophon, Household Management<br>Hippocrates, Medicine and Magic<br>Epicurus, Individual Happiness</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Education (photo)<br>The Women’s Quarters (illustration)<br>The Dying Niobide: The Classical Balance (photo)<br>The Old Market Woman: Hellenistic Individualism (photo)<br>Geography and Political Configurations in Greece (map)</h4><h4>Seondary Sources</h4><h4>Sarah B. Pomeroy, Goddess, Whores, Wives, and Slaves: Women and Work inAthens<br>Anthony Andrews, The Greeks: Slavery<br>M.I. Finley, The Ancient Greeks: Decline of the Polls<br>Richard Stoneman, Alexander the Great<br>Finley Hooper, Greek Realities</h4><h3>Chapter Four: The Rise of Rome</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Polybius, Histories: The Roman Constitution<br>Cicero, The Education of a Roman Gentleman<br>Quintus Lucretius Vespillo, Eulogoy for a Roman Wife<br>Plautus, Menaechmi: Roman Slavery<br>Sallust, The Conspiracy of Catiline: Decline of the Republic</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Evidence from Coins (photo)<br>The Geographic and Cultural Environment (map)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Fustel de Coulanges, The Ancient City: Religious Practices<br>J.P.V.D. Balsdon, Life and Leisure: The Roman Aristrocrat<br>Gillian Clark, Roman Women</h4><h3>Chapter Five: The Roman Empire and the Rise of Christianity</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Pliny the Younger, Letters: The Daily Life of a Roman Governor<br>Marcus Aurelius, Meditations: Ideals of an Emperor and Stoic Philosopher<br>Pliny the Younger and Trajan, Rome and the Early Christians<br><h4>A Roman Sarcophagus: Picturing the BibleThe Gospel According to St. Matthew<br>St. Paul, Epistle to the Romans<br>St. Augustine, The City of God<br>Ammianus Marcellinus, The Germanic Tribes<br>St. Jerome, The Fall of Rome</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Carved Gemstone: Augustus and the Empire Transformed (photo)<br>Tomb Decoration: Death and Roman Culture(photo)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Chester G. Starr, The Roman Empire: The Place of Augustus<br>E.R. Dodds, Pagan and Christian: The Appeal of Christianity<br>Jo Ann McNamara, Women of the Roman Empire<br>A.H.M. Jones, The Later Roman Empire</h4><h2>PART II THE MIDDLE AGES</h2><h3>Chapter Six: The Early Middle Ages</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Gregory of Tours, History of the Franks<br>The Origins of Feudalism<br>Charlemagne, Instructions to the Subjects of Charlemagne's Empire<br>Einhard, War and Conversion Under Charlemagne<br>The Annals of Xanten, Disorder and Destruction<br>The Wanderer: Life of a Medieval Warrior</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Illustration from a Gospel Book: Christianity and Early Medieval Culture (illustration)<br>Painting from an Illuminated Bible: Secular and Religious Authority(illustration)<br>Contraction in the Early Middle Ages (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Henri Pirenne, Mohammed and Charlemagne: The Beginnings ofMedieval Civilization<br>David Nichols, The Carolingian West: The Genesis of Feudal Relationships<br>Daniel D. McGarry, An Evaluation of Feudalism<br>Jo Ann McNamara and Suzanne F. Wemple, Sanctity and Power: TheDual Pursuit of Medieval Women</h4><h3>Chapter Seven: The Medieval East</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>The Qur'an<br>Hasan al-Basri, Letter to Umar II: Islamic Asceticism<br>Avicenna, Autobiography of a Muslim Scholar<br>The Institutes of Justinian: Byzantium and the Legacy of Roman Law<br>Ibn Fadlan, The Rus: Cross-Cultural Contact</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Manuscript Illuminations: Scenes from the Life of Muhammad (illustrations)<br><h4>Empress Theodors with her Retinue (illustration)The Byzantine Empire and the Expansion of Islam (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Cyril Mango, Byzantium: The Empire of New Rome<br>Bernard Lewis, The Arabs in History<br><h4>Ira Lapidus, The Expansion of IslamAlbert Hourani, The Islamic World<br>Peter Brown, The Eastern Orientation of Islam</h4><h3>Chapter Eight: The High Middle Ages: The Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Pope Gregory VII, Letters: Secular and Ecclesiastical Authority<br>Reginald of Durham, The Life of Saint Gidric: A Merchant Adventurer<br>Andreas Capellanus, The Art of Courtly Love<br>Gratian, The Decretum: Medieval Women-Not in God’s Image</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>The Gospel Book of Otto III: Church and State (illustration)<br><h4>The Bayeux Tapestry (illustration)<h4>Medieval Expansion (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Jaques Le Goff, Medieval Values<br>Margaret Wade Labarge, The Mold for Medieval Women: Social Status<br>Aron Ja. Gurevich, The Merchant<br>R.W. Southern, The Making of the Middle Ages: Serfdom<br>Marc Bloch, Feudal Society: The Psychic World of Medieval People</h4><h3>Chapter Nine: The High Middle Ages: The Crusades and the East</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Pope Urban II, The Opening of the Crusades<br>Ekkehard of Aurach, Crusaders’ Motives<br>Pope Eugenius III, Inducements for the Crusades<br>Princess Anna Comnena, The Alexiad: A Byzantine View of the Crusades<br>Usamah Ibn-Munqidh, Memoirs: European and Muslim Interactions</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Conflict and Cultural Exchange (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Christopher Tyerman, The Meaning of the Crusades<br>Thomas F. Madden, The Significance of <br>Robert Browning, The Byzantine Empire: Defeat, Decline, and Resilience</h4><h3>Chapter Ten: The High Middle Ages: The Thirteenth Century</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Pope Innocent III, Papal Proclamation of Supremacy<br>Archbishop Eudes of Rouen, A Church Register: Clerical Administration<br>St. Francis of Assisi, The Rule of St. Francis<br>St. Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologica<br>Frederick II, Political Authority: The Emperor, the Princes, and theTowns<br>Decrees of the Hanseatic League<br>Ordinances of the Guild Merchants of Southampton<br>Bartholomaeus Anglicus, Chambermaids</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Medieval Life (illustration)<br>Secularization and the Medieval Knight (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Maurice Keen, The Outlaws of Medieval Legend: Social Rank and Injustice<br>Jaques Rossiaud, Life in Cities: Violence and Fear<br>Georges Duby, Solitude<br>David Herlihy, Ecological Conditions and Demographic Change</h4><h3>Chapter Eleven: The Late Middle Ages</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Attack on the Papacy: The Conciliar Movement<br>Bernard Gui, Manual of the Inquisitor<br>Sir John Froissart, The Rebellions of 1381<br>Giovanni Boccaccio, The Decameron: The Plague in Florence<br>King Edward III, Statue of Laborers<br>Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales<br>The Goodman of Paris: Instructions on Being a Good Wife</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>The Church Besieged (illustration)<br>The Triumph of Death (illustration)<br>Unrest in the Late Middle Ages (map)<br>Food and Crime (chart)</h4
><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Francis Oakley, The Crisis of the Late Middle Ages<br><h4>John Kelly, The Great MortalityMillard Meiss, The Black Death: A Socioeconomic Perspective<br><h4> Hieonymus Bosch, The Waywain: Greed, Chaos, and Doom<h2>PART III RENAISSANCE, REFORMATION, AND EXPANSION</h2><h3>Chapter Twelve: The Renaissance</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Francesco Petrarch, A Letter to Boccaccio: Literary Humanism<br>Peter Paul Vergerio, On the Liberal Arts<br>Christine de Pizan, The City of Ladies<br>Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince<br>Baldesar Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Quentin Massys, The Moneylender and his Wife<h4>Raphael, The School of Athens: Art and Classical Culture (illustration)<br>Jan van Eyck, Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride: Symbolism and theNorthern Renaissance (illustration)<br>Hans Holbein, Wealth, Culture, and Diplomacy (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Jacob Burckhardt, The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy<br>Peter Burke, The Myth of the Renaissance<br>Federico Chabod, Machiavelli and the Renaissance<br>Charles G. Nauert, Northern Sources of the Renaissance</h4><h3>Chapter Thirteen: The Reformation</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>John Tetzel, The Spark for the Reformation: Indulgences<br>Martin Luther, Justification by Faith<br>Martin Luther, On the Bondage of the Will<br>Martin Luther, Condemnation of Peasant Revolt<br>John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion: Predestination<br>Constitution of the Society of Jesus<br>Teresa of Avila, The Way of Perfection</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Luther and the New Testament (illustration)<br>Sebald Beham, Luther and the Catholic Clergy Debate (illustration)<br>Peter Paul Rubens, Loyola and Catholic Reform (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Euan Cameron, What was the Reformation?<br>G.R. Elton, A Political Interpretation of the Reformation<br>John C. Olin, The Catholic Reformation<br>Steven E. Ozment, The Legacy of the Reformation<br>Marilyn J. Boxer and Jean H. Quataert, Women in the Reformation</h4><h3>Chapter Fourteen: Overseas Expansion and New Politics</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Gomes Eannes de Azurara, The Chronicle of the Discovery and Conquest ofGuinea<br>Christopher Columbus, Letter to Lord Sanchez, 1493<br>Bernal Diaz del Castillo, Memoirs: The Aztecs<br>Jacob Fugger, Letter to Charles V: Finance and Politics</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Frans Fracken II, The Assets and Liabilities of Empire (text andillustration)<br><h4>Hans Holbein the Younger, Portrait of the Merchant Heorg GiszeThe Conquest of Mexico as Seen by the Aztecs (illustration)<br>Exploration, Expansion, and Politics (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Richard B. Reed, The Expansion of Europe<br>M.L.Bush, The Effects of Expansion on the Non-European World<br>Gary Nash, Red, White, and Black: The Peoples of Early America</h4><h2>PART IV THE EARLY MODERN PERIOD</h2><h3>Chapter Fifteen: War and Revolution: 1560-1660</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, Civil War in France<br>Richelieu, Political Will and Testament<br>James I, The Powers of the Monarch in England<br>The House of Commons, The Powers of Parliament in England<br>Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, The Hammer of Witches</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>Diego Valásquez, The Surrender of Breda (illustration)<h4>Jan Brueghel and Sebastian Vranx, War and Violence (illustration)<br>Thomas Hobbes, Leviathan: Political Order and Political Theory (text andillustration)<br>Germany and the Thirty Years’ War (maps)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>Hajo Holborn, A Political Interpretation of the Thirty Years’ War<br>Carl J. Friedrich, A Religious Interpretation of the Thirty Years’ War<br>M.S. Anderson, War and Peace in the Old Regime<br>Conrad Russell, The Causes of the English Civil War<br>William Monter, The Devil’s Handmaid: Women in the Age of Reformations</h4><h3>Chapter Sixteen: Aristocracy and Absolutism in the Seventeenth Century</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Philipp W. von Hornick, Austria Over All If She Only Will: Mercantilism<br>Frederick William, The Great Elector, A Secret Letter: MonarchicalAuthority in Prussia<br>Saint-Simon, Memoirs: The Aristocracy Undermined in France<br>John Locke, Second Treatise of Civil Government: Legislative Power</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>The Early Modern Chateau (photo)<br>Pieter de Hooch, Maternal Care (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4><h4>G. Durand, Absolutism: Myth and Reality<br>George Macaulay Trevelyan, The English Revolution, 1688-1689<br>Peter Laslett, The World We Have Lost: The Early Modern Family</h4><h3>Chapter Seventeen: The Scientific Revolution</h3><h4>Primary Sources</h4><h4>Rene Descartes, The Discourse on Method<br>Galileo Galilei, Letter to Christina of Tuscany: Science and Scripture<br>The Papal Inquisition of 1633: Galileo Condemned<br>Sir Isaac Newton, Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy</h4><h4>Visual Sources</h4><h4>A Vision of the New Science (illustration)</h4><h4>Secondary Sources</h4>Sir George Clark, Early Modern Europe: Motives for the ScientificRevolution<br><h4>Linda Pollock, Childhood in Early Modern TimesBonnie S. Anderson and Judith P. Zinsser, No Scientific Revolution forWomen</h4></html>